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The Arm Throw family encompasses te-waza techniques in which the thrower uses the arms to scoop, lift, or pull the opponent into a throw without turning the back or using hip contact as the primary fu...

The TKD Punch family encompasses the hand striking techniques (jirugi — punches, and taerigi — strikes) of Taekwondo, which are classified separately from the punching systems of boxing, karate, or Mu...

The Kung Fu Strike family within the Open Hand Strike group covers open-handed striking techniques from Chinese martial arts systems — the most diverse collection of open-hand formations and striking ...

The Boxing Punch family covers the punching techniques of Western boxing — the most refined and scientifically studied striking system in martial arts, developed over centuries of professional prizefi...

The Fundamental Punch family covers punching techniques that span multiple martial arts traditions beyond Western boxing — including backfists, hammer fists, spinning backfists, and superman punches t...

The TKD Takedown family covers takedown techniques found within Taekwondo and related Korean martial arts — techniques that are less emphasised than kicks but exist within the complete curriculum for ...

The Hapkido Throw family covers throwing techniques from Hapkido, the Korean martial art that synthesises joint locks, throws, kicks, and strikes into a comprehensive self-defence system. [1] Hapkido ...

The Fundamental Choke family covers the core choking techniques that form the foundation of submission grappling's choke curriculum — the essential air chokes, collar chokes, and hybrid chokes that ev...

The Throw group covers all standing throwing techniques where the thrower uses leverage, momentum, and body mechanics to project the opponent through the air onto the ground — the most spectacular and...

The Overhook-Whizzer family covers clinch positions where the attacker hooks their arm over the opponent's arm from the outside, wrapping around the upper arm or shoulder to control or redirect the op...

The Defensive Whizzer applies the overhook with hip pressure specifically as a defensive reaction to the opponent's takedown attempt, typically against a single-leg or underhook drive. [1] When the op...

Seiken Gedan Barai (commonly called Gedan Barai or Low Block) is the fundamental downward sweeping block in traditional karate, deflecting attacks directed at the lower body — low punches, front kicks...

Jab-Teep Range Management uses the longest-range striking tools — the jab (boxing) and teep/push kick (Muay Thai) — as defensive weapons to maintain distance and prevent the opponent from closing rang...

The Choke Defence family covers all defensive techniques used to prevent or escape from choking attacks including blood chokes (strangulations that compress the carotid arteries), air chokes (compress...

The Posture Defence subfamily covers choke defensive techniques that use body positioning and postural alignment to prevent the opponent from applying choking pressure. [1] Posture defence addresses t...

The Old School Sweep subfamily covers the classic half guard underhook sweep where the guard player obtains an underhook, comes up to the knees, and drives the opponent over using the underhook levera...

The body lock pass uses a gable grip or clasp around the opponent's waist or lower back, driving the chest into the opponent's torso to eliminate space, then incrementally clearing the legs to advance...

The Strike class encompasses all combat techniques in which a fighter delivers percussive force to an opponent using a part of the body — fist, elbow, knee, shin, foot, or head — to cause damage, crea...

The Downward Elbow family groups all elbow strikes delivered on a downward trajectory, where the elbow travels from a raised position above the target and descends vertically or at a steep diagonal an...

The Downward Back Kick drives the heel downward and backward at approximately 30-45° below horizontal, targeting the opponent's knee joint, shin, or instep (top of the foot) from behind — a stomping b...

The Foot Blade Front Kick strikes with the outer edge of the foot (sokuto — literally 'sword foot') rather than the ball or heel, concentrating force along a narrow blade-like surface for penetrating ...

The Instep Angular Front Kick (Lotus Kick) is a front kick delivered at an inward angle using the instep (top of the foot), sweeping upward in a curved lotus-petal arc to target the groin, inner thigh...

The Lift Kick is a short-range upward scooping kick delivered with minimal or no chambering, targeting the groin with a fast upward arc of the foot from the ground. [1] Unlike a standard front kick th...

The Punt Kick to Face is a soccer-style kicking motion directed at a grounded opponent's head, delivering the instep in a wide swinging arc identical to a football punt — one of the most devastating a...

The Small Roundhouse Kick is a tight, compact variant of the roundhouse kick that uses a shortened circular arc and minimal hip rotation, optimised for close range where a full roundhouse kick would b...

The Iron Palm Strike (鐵砂掌, Tieh Sha Chang) is a Chinese martial arts palm strike that uses internally cultivated chi (qi) energy directed through a conditioned palm rather than relying on muscular for...

Nukite Jodan is a spear hand thrust targeting the upper level — primarily the throat, eyes, or soft tissue of the face — using extended fingertips held together. [1] This is the most dangerous applica...

Seiken Ago Uchi is a Kyokushin karate rising punch specifically targeting the chin from below, driving the fore-fist (seiken — the index and middle finger knuckles) upward into the underside of the op...

Seiken Jodan Tsuki is the fundamental upper-level straight punch in traditional karate, delivering the fore-fist (seiken — the front two knuckles of the index and middle fingers) to the opponent's fac...

Submissions are techniques that force an opponent to concede defeat — typically by tapping out — through the application of joint locks, chokes, strangles, cranks, compression locks, or pain complianc...

The Baseball Choke is a gi-based collar choke that uses a distinctive split grip — one hand gripping the collar palm-up and the other palm-down in opposite directions — creating a powerful rotational ...

The Hand-Clasp Guillotine is a guillotine choke variant that uses a palm-to-palm grip (both palms pressed together around the opponent's neck, like praying hands) rather than the traditional interlock...

The arm triangle choke (kata-gatame) is a family of blood chokes that use the attacker's arms in combination with the opponent's own trapped shoulder to compress both carotid arteries. [1,2] The defin...

The standard rear naked choke (hadaka-jime) is one of the most fundamental and highest-percentage rear strangles in grappling. [1,2] From back control, the attacker wraps one arm around the opponent's...

Forearm and collar chokes are submission techniques that use the gi lapel, collar, or the bare forearm pressed against the front or side of the neck to restrict blood flow or airflow. [1] This family ...

The Ezekiel choke from mount with sleeve grip finish is the most common application of the Ezekiel, using the mounted position's weight advantage combined with the sleeve-assisted forearm strangle. [1...

The forearm-fulcrum headlock choke uses the flat or bony edge of the forearm as the fulcrum surface against the opponent's neck from a front headlock. [1] Unlike the elbow-point variant, the forearm f...

The cattle choke from standing headlock is a species where the bulldog-style compression strangle is applied while both practitioners are on their feet, with the attacker controlling the opponent's he...

The Peruvian necktie from closed guard with shin across the neck applies the necktie's signature leg-over-head mechanic from a bottom guard position. [1] The attacker, playing closed guard, wraps the ...

The Peruvian necktie from front headlock is the primary application of this technique, where the attacker secures a front headlock and then throws one or both legs over the opponent's back while sitti...

The Peruvian necktie from front headlock with shin across the neck is the standard application of this technique, where the attacker holds a front headlock and swings one leg over the opponent's head,...

The turtle collapse headscissors attacks a turtled opponent by collapsing their defensive shell and trapping the head between the attacker's legs. [1] The attacker, positioned behind or to the side of...

The triangle choke from closed guard is the most fundamental application of the technique, where the bottom player traps one of the opponent's arms and their head inside a triangle formed by the legs,...

The rear neck crank from back without hooks is a cervical-spine submission applied from a partial back position — chest-to-back contact established, but no hooks or body triangle. [1] Rather than rely...

The Toe Hold is a foot lock submission that attacks the ankle and foot by gripping the opponent's toes/ball of foot and rotating the foot outward (or inward) using a figure-four grip — creating torsio...

The armbar (juji-gatame) is the most fundamental elbow lock in grappling, hyperextending the elbow joint by controlling the opponent's wrist and pressing the hips upward against the back of the elbow....

Ashi-gatame from standing is a standing armbar where the attacker traps the opponent's extended arm and uses the foot or shin placed against the opponent's body as a fulcrum point, then hyperextends t...

The Kimura lock (gyaku-ude-garami / double wristlock) is a shoulder lock where the attacker grips the opponent's wrist with one hand, threads the other arm under the opponent's elbow, and clasps a fig...

Nerve locks are submission techniques that apply focused pressure directly to nerve bundles or pressure points, causing acute pain without necessarily threatening joint, vascular, or respiratory integ...

Lower limb nerve locks target the nerve pathways of the legs — primarily the peroneal nerve (running along the outside of the knee), the sciatic nerve (posterior thigh), and the tibial nerve (behind t...