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The Lead Hand Straight (commonly called the Jab) is the most fundamental punch in boxing, delivered with the leading hand in a straight line from the guard position to the target. [1] It is the fastes...

A hook thrown with the lead hand, pivoting on the lead foot and rotating the torso to generate power through a short horizontal arc.

A lead hook targeting the opponent's jaw, temple, or ear, thrown at head height with the fist traveling parallel to the ground.

A lead hook targeting the opponent's ribcage or midsection, thrown with a lower trajectory and often accompanied by bending the knees.

An uppercut thrown with the lead hand, dipping the body slightly and driving the fist upward with rotation from the hips and legs.

The Switch High Kick is a head-level roundhouse kick preceded by a rapid switch of the feet, converting the lead leg into the kicking leg with added rear-leg power and timing disruption. [1] The switc...

The fundamental lead-hand straight punch thrown from a stationary stance with a quick snap of the arm and minimal hip rotation.

The Switch Outside Low Kick is an outside leg kick preceded by a rapid switch step, converting the lead leg into the kicking leg with enhanced power derived from the momentary rear-position loading. [...

The Standard Southpaw stance mirrors the orthodox with the right foot forward, left foot back, right lead hand jabbing, and left rear hand delivering power shots. [1] The standard southpaw creates a l...

The Switch Body Kick is a body-level roundhouse kick preceded by a rapid switch of the feet, where the fighter hops and swaps the lead and rear leg positions before immediately launching the kick from...

The Front Leg Hook Kick uses a skip-step to deliver the hook kick from the lead leg, sacrificing some power for significantly faster delivery. [1] The lead-leg version arrives much sooner than the rea...

The Southpaw Stance subfamily covers the fighting stance with the right foot forward and the left foot back, used by left-handed fighters or as a tactical choice by right-handed fighters who 'switch' ...

The Double Shift Punch is a footwork-punch combination where the boxer switches stance mid-combination by stepping the rear foot forward past the lead foot, allowing power punches from both sides in r...

The Standard De Ashi Barai executes the fundamental advancing foot sweep where the attacker pulls the opponent forward with the hands (tsurite and hikite), and as the opponent steps forward and their ...

A fundamental two-punch combination consisting of a lead-hand jab immediately followed by a rear-hand cross, the most basic and widely taught combination in striking arts.

The Outside Jab Parry uses the lead hand to push the incoming jab outward, away from the defender's face and toward the outside, deflecting the punch past the defender's lead shoulder. [1] The outside...

The Check Hook Counter is a defensive-offensive technique where the fighter pivots on the lead foot while simultaneously delivering a lead hook punch to an advancing opponent, using the opponent's own...

The Standard Orthodox stance positions the left foot forward, right foot back, weight distributed approximately 50-50 or slightly rear-weighted, with the lead hand up at chin level and the rear hand t...

The Shoulder Roll (Philly Shell) subfamily covers the defensive stance and technique where the fighter turns the lead shoulder upward to deflect punches off the shoulder while simultaneously rolling t...

The Front Leg Roundhouse Kick is a roundhouse kick delivered with the lead leg, trading power for speed and reduced telegraphing. [1] The rear foot slides forward to close distance while the former fr...

The Shoulder Roll Defence is a boxing defensive posture where the lead shoulder is raised high to protect the chin, the lead arm hangs low across the body, and the rear hand is held tight against the ...

The Standard Push Off executes the fundamental push-off defence where the fighter extends the lead arm against the opponent's shoulder or chest while simultaneously driving backward off the rear foot,...

Two consecutive jabs thrown in quick succession with the lead hand, often used to set up the cross or to disrupt the opponent's timing.

A quick, straight punch thrown with the lead hand from the guard position, used primarily as a range finder, setup tool, and defensive weapon.

The Front Leg Front Kick is a fast front kick delivered with the lead leg by sliding the rear foot forward to close distance before launching the kick. [1] The rear leg slides forward without moving t...

The Standard Angle Off executes the fundamental angle-off step where the defender pivots on the lead foot and steps the rear foot to the side, rotating the body approximately 45 degrees off the line o...

The Standard Long Guard extends the lead arm fully forward, hand open or in a loose fist, placing the palm or forearm against the opponent's forehead, chin, or shoulder to create a frame that prevents...

Standard Fencing Footwork encompasses the core movement vocabulary of competitive fencing: the en garde stance (front foot forward, feet perpendicular, knees bent), the advance (front foot leads, rear...

The Boxing Punch family covers the punching techniques of Western boxing — the most refined and scientifically studied striking system in martial arts, developed over centuries of professional prizefi...

The Front Leg Outside Crescent Kick delivers the outside (outward-sweeping) crescent kick from the front leg, using the lead position for speed. [1] This kick sweeps from inside to outside across the ...

The Standard Dirty Boxing TD executes the fundamental dirty boxing takedown where the attacker uses a collar tie to snap the opponent's posture down while simultaneously stepping offline and driving t...

The Front Leg Side Kick is a side kick delivered with the lead leg by sliding the rear foot forward to close distance before executing the kick. [1] As with the front leg front kick, the rear foot sli...

Standard Okuri Ashi Barai executes the classical following foot sweep where the thrower guides the opponent into lateral movement, then sweeps the trailing foot into the lead foot with the sole as bot...

The Front Leg Crescent Kick delivers the inside crescent kick from the lead leg using a skip-step or direct lift, offering faster delivery than the rear-leg version. [1] It is effective as a quick str...

Okuri Ashi Barai (following foot sweep) is a judo foot technique in which the thrower sweeps both of the opponent's feet simultaneously by catching the trailing foot as it moves to join the lead foot ...

The Falling Step Punch is a punching method where the fighter initiates a controlled forward fall and times the punch to land at the exact instant the lead foot touches the ground, transferring the fu...

Sok Fan Nah (the Elbow Chop) is the most fundamental elbow strike in Muay Thai, delivered in a diagonal downward arc from high to low, mimicking the swift motion of a sickle clearing a field — a motio...

Sok Tad (the Horizontal Elbow) is the second foundational elbow strike in Muay Thai's classical 24-elbow system (Cherng Sok 24 Cherng), delivered in a sweeping horizontal arc parallel to the ground, t...

The Standard Outside Low Kick is the fundamental outside leg kick, executed by pivoting on the lead foot, rotating the hips, and driving the lower shin into the outside of the opponent's lead thigh. [...

A jab thrown from a southpaw (right-foot-forward) stance, extending the right fist straight toward the target.

A standard jab thrown from an orthodox (left-foot-forward) stance, extending the left fist straight toward the target.

The Standard High Guard positions both fists beside the chin and temples, elbows tucked against the ribcage, with the forearms creating vertical shields on either side of the face. [1] The guard is he...

The Shin Check is the primary defence against low kicks in Muay Thai and MMA, executed by lifting the lead leg and turning the shin outward to intercept the incoming kick with the harder surface of th...

The Inside Arm Drag subfamily executes arm drags where the attacker pulls the opponent's arm across their centreline toward the inside, creating access to the far side of the opponent's body. [1] The ...

The Standard Elbow Block drops the elbow to meet an incoming body strike or low kick, using the point of the elbow and the forearm to create a hard surface that blocks and punishes the attack. [1] The...

The Kouchi-Gari to Ouchi-Gari Combination chains a small inner reap attack to the opponent's lead foot with an immediate large inner reap to the other foot when the opponent steps back. [1]

The Switch Front Kick is a front kick executed after a rapid switch of the legs, delivering what is effectively a rear-leg-power kick from the front-leg position. [1] From fighting stance, a small hop...

The Standard Shoulder Roll executes the fundamental shoulder roll defence by raising the lead shoulder to chin height and rotating the torso away from the incoming punch, allowing the strike to deflec...

The Standard Retreating Step moves the rear foot backward first, followed by the lead foot, maintaining the fighter's stance width and balance throughout the backward movement. [1] The step must be lo...

The Low Back Kick targets the opponent's knee, shin, or lower thigh from behind, aiming to damage the structural support of the lead leg. [1] By directing the back kick downward at the opponent's lowe...