Introduction to Unterhau

The Unterhau is a fundamental undercut strike in longsword combat, executed from below the opponent's guard. This technique serves as both an offensive tool and a setup for subsequent actions in the Zornhau-Winden-Duplieren-Mutieren sequence. Mastering the Unterhau requires precise footwork, hip rotation, and blade control.

Stance and Grip Foundation

Begin in a neutral stance with feet shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent for mobility and power generation. Maintain a relaxed grip on the longsword with both hands positioned naturally, allowing the blade to hang at mid-torso height. The grip should facilitate rapid transitions between defensive and offensive positions.

Initiating the Undercut Motion

Drive the Unterhau by extending the hips forward while rotating the shoulders, channeling power from the lower body through the core. The blade rises diagonally from below the waist toward the opponent's upper body or head. Timing and trajectory are critical—the strike must be fluid and economical to avoid telegraphing intent.

Common Entry Points and Distances

The Unterhau is most effective when the opponent is in a high guard or has committed to a downward strike. Execute this technique from close to middle range, where full extension is unnecessary and evasion becomes difficult for the defender. Understanding distance management prevents overextension and maintains defensive integrity.

Transition to Winden

Upon contact with the opponent's blade, immediately transition into Winden (binding) by controlling the opponent's sword with pressure and leverage. This follow-up action prevents counterattacks and positions the practitioner for subsequent techniques like Duplieren or Mutieren. The binding must be decisive and deliberate to maintain initiative.

Duplieren Application

From the Winden position, execute Duplieren by doubling—removing pressure momentarily before reapplying strike or thrust to exploit openings. This action capitalizes on the opponent's defensive commitment and creates tactical advantage. Timing the doubling action with footwork ensures proper distance and power delivery.

Mutieren and Adaptive Variation

Mutieren involves mutating or changing the technique's trajectory in response to opponent resistance or repositioning. The practitioner may alter the strike angle, transition to a thrust, or switch from one bind to another while maintaining control. This adaptive quality makes the Unterhau-Winden-Duplieren-Mutieren sequence highly effective against varied defenses.

Defensive Counters and Awareness

Skilled opponents may evade or counter the Unterhau through footwork, high guards, or immediate counterstrikes. Practitioners must develop awareness of common defensive responses and adjust execution accordingly. Maintaining proper distance and controlling the center line limits the opponent's effective counters.

Longsword Techniques: ZornhauWinden Duplieren Mutieren

Adelaide Sword Academy

Unterhau

2 min read·8 key moments·PT4M4S video

Key Takeaways

•Introduction to Unterhau
•Stance and Grip Foundation
•Initiating the Undercut Motion
•Common Entry Points and Distances

taken from jan 2011 training. We have since moved back to a zornhau that "punches" out more and clears the centre line, rather than relying on counter-cutting as here.

Related Techniques

Krumphau Oberhau Zornhau Zwerchhau

Frequently Asked Questions

What does this video teach about unterhau?

This video covers introduction to unterhau, stance and grip foundation, initiating the undercut motion. It provides detailed instruction from Adelaide Sword Academy.

How long does it take to learn unterhau?

The basic mechanics can be understood in a single session, but developing reliable execution requires consistent drilling over weeks of practice. This 8-part breakdown helps structure your training by isolating each phase of the technique.

Step-by-Step Breakdown8 steps