Nage no Kata - Kata guruma
0
Kata Guruma·Judô Juventus Cascavel
Перевод: shoulder wheel
Дистанция и классификация
Категория
Удар и защитаЗамкиБлижний бойБой против нескольких
Дистанция
БлижняяСредняяДальняя
Целевая зона
Верхняя частьСредняя частьНижняя часть
Обзор
Kata Guruma (shoulder wheel) is a te-waza technique in which the thrower lifts the opponent across the shoulders in a fireman's carry position and then wheels them over to the mat. [1] The classical execution involves the thrower ducking under the opponent's arm, reaching between the legs to grip the inner thigh, and lifting the opponent onto the shoulders before rotating them over. [1],[2] Since the IJF's 2010 rule changes prohibiting direct leg grabs in judo competition, kata-guruma has been adapted to versions that do not involve gripping the legs, using the gi or body contact to achieve the loading position. [2],[3]
История и происхождение
Kata guruma was included in the Kodokan gokyo as a hand technique and was one of the most spectacular throws in judo competition for over a century. [1] The technique has parallels in wrestling (fireman's carry) and has been practised across grappling arts worldwide. [2] The 2010 IJF rule changes banning leg grabs in judo forced significant adaptations to kata-guruma's competition application, leading to the development of drop and modified versions. [2],[3]
Страна происхождения· показано в случайном порядке
- Япония肩車(Kata Guruma)Дзюдо
- ГрецияБорьба
- СШАБорьба, ММА
- РоссияСамбо
- БразилияММА
- Китай— Японское название, прочитанное по-китайскиШуайцзяо
Эффективность
Родословная
Соревновательные результаты
Classical kata guruma was a common technique before the 2010 IJF leg-grab ban; modified drop versions remain scored in competition. [1]
Изображения
Изображений для этой техники пока нет.
Войдите, чтобы предложить изображение.
Биомеханический механизм
Primary Action — Pulling and lifting with the arms to load the opponent over the shoulder or upper back
Joints Involved — Attacker's shoulders (loading point), elbows (pulling action), hips (turning under the opponent)
Force Vector — Forward and downward rotation — the pulling arm creates circular momentum while the body turns underneath
Kuzushi (Off-balancing) — Forward — breaking the opponent's balance forward over their toes allows the turning entry
Позиция и вход
From collar and sleeve grip — Pull the opponent forward and up, turn in while dropping below their centre of gravity, load them onto the back/shoulder and rotate forward to throw
From sleeve grip (ippon seoi) — Secure the sleeve, step across, load the arm over the shoulder while turning, pull and throw
From underhook — Turn in with the underhook side, load the opponent over the shoulder and drive forward
Видео
Modern Kata Guruma
0
Kata Guruma·The Judo Way of Life
Thank you to Isaac for sharing his knowledge on Kata Guruma, as it's not a throw that I particularly use in randori or c…
2 videos
Изучить технику
Учебных курсов по этой технике пока нет.
Войдите, чтобы предложить курс.
Оценки
Риск травмы для человека, к которому применяется техника
6
Высокий6/10
Seoi-Nage family; high amplitude with rotation over tori's shoulder (Kano 1986)
Уровень мастерства, необходимый для надёжного выполнения техники
Средний
Разрешена ли техника по основным соревновательным правилам
Запрещено
— IJF — Banned since 2010 leg grab prohibition — direct han...
IJF Sport and Organisation Rules 2025, Article 27PDFРазрешено
— IBJJF — Legal at all belt levels
IBJJF Rules Book v6.0, June 2024PDF— UWW — Legal in both freestyle and Greco-Roman
UWW International Wrestling Rules, January 2026PDF— Unified MMA — Legal throwing technique
Unified Rules of MMA, August 2025PDF— ADCC — Legal
ADCC Rules Update, April 2025PDF— FIAS Sport Sambo — Legal
FIAS International Sambo Competition RulesPDF— FIAS Combat Sambo — Legal
FIAS Combat Sambo RulesPDFЗаметки по тренировке
✓Kata guruma (shoulder wheel) lifts the opponent across both shoulders in a fireman's carry position and wheels them over
✓Traditionally performed by ducking under the opponent's arm, grasping between their legs, and lifting them across your shoulders
✓The opponent's body drapes across your shoulders — one arm controls their arm, the other grips between or around their legs
✓Stand up with the legs to lift, then wheel the opponent over your shoulders to the mat
✓Kata guruma is banned in its traditional leg-grabbing form under current IJF rules but remains legal with modified entries
✓In no-gi and wrestling, the fireman's carry (same technique) remains one of the most effective throws
✓The lift must come from the legs — duck under, load the opponent, and stand up using your thighs
Типичные ошибки
!Trying to muscle the opponent up with the back instead of standing up through the legs
!Not getting deep enough under the opponent — your hips must be well below their centre of gravity
!Attempting kata guruma without first pulling the opponent forward to break their posture
!Not controlling both the arm and the leg/body — losing either grip means the opponent slides off
!Standing up before the opponent is fully loaded across the shoulders
!Wheeling too aggressively and throwing the opponent on their head — control the rotation
!Attempting the traditional form in competition where leg grabs are prohibited — use modified gripless entries
Связанные техники
Контрприёмы
Цепочка подготовки
1Grip Setup (Kumi-kata) — establish the controlling grips needed for the throw
2Off-Balance (Kuzushi) — break the opponent's balance in the throwing direction
3Entry (Tsukuri) — position the body for the throw by turning, stepping, or loading
4Execution (Kake) — complete the throwing action with full commitment and follow-through
Источники и ссылки
Основной источник
Kodokan Judo — Official Nage-waza Classification
1КнигаKodokan Judo — Official Nage-waza Classification
Traditional Judo throwing technique terminology (Kodokan Institute)
Official Kodokan ground technique classification system
Standard Japanese martial arts terminology (kanji/hiragana)
4ДругоеJapanese Martial Arts Standard Terminology (武道用語)
Established Japanese martial arts naming convention — native Japanese term (和語/漢語)
5ЦитатаKodokan Judo — Official Nage-waza Classification
Traditional Judo throwing technique terminology (Kodokan Institute)
Сообщество
Атлетизм
Requires
explosive turning speed, arm pulling power, deep level change
Favours
shorter stature for getting under the opponent, strong back
Key muscles
deltoids, trapezius, quadriceps, core
Подтехники
Ищите по тому, что делает техника, — а не по её названию
Каждое движение в любом боевом искусстве обладает рядом универсальных свойств. Комбинируйте параметры ниже, чтобы найти нужный инструмент или сравнить аналоги из разных стилей.
Категория
Дистанция
Целевая зона
Drop Kata Guruma
РодDrop Kata Guruma is a modified version in which the thrower drops to one or both knees while loading the opponent across the shoulders, using the dropping body weight to assist the wheeling action. [1] The drop entry lowers the thrower's centre of gravity dramatically, making it easier to get under a defensive opponent, and the falling body weight adds momentum to the throw. [1,2] This variant became popular in judo competition as an adaptation to leg-grab restrictions, using gi grips rather than leg holds to secure the opponent during the drop and wheel. [2,3]
Исследовать
Modified Kata Guruma
РодModified Kata Guruma encompasses variations of the shoulder wheel that use alternative grips, entries, or body positions to achieve the cross-shoulder loading without the traditional leg grip. [1] These modifications include using belt grips, gi tail grips, over-the-back grips, or underhook configurations to secure the opponent across the shoulders without directly grabbing the legs. [1,2] Modified kata-guruma techniques were developed primarily in response to competition rule changes and represent the ongoing evolution of traditional techniques under modern rulesets. [2,3]
Исследовать
Standard Kata Guruma
РодStandard Kata Guruma executes the classical shoulder wheel where the thrower drops under the opponent, reaches between the legs with one arm and over the shoulder with the other, lifts the opponent across the shoulders, and rotates them over to the mat. [1] The lifting phase requires the thrower to generate significant upward force from a low position, elevating the opponent's entire body weight onto the shoulders. [1,2] The wheeling action then rotates the opponent over the shoulder axis and drives them to the mat. [2,3]
Исследовать
Заметки
Kata guruma (shoulder wheel/fireman's carry) appears in 16 passages across 9 books. Banned from IJF judo competition since 2010 when leg-grabbing rules were introduced — previously one of the most spectacular throws. Now primarily used in freestyle wrestling, Sambo, and MMA. (9 books in corpus; Kano, Kodokan Judo; IJF rule changes 2010)
Часто задаваемые вопросы
How do you perform kata guruma with modern judo rules that restrict leg grabbing?
The Judo Way of Life demonstrates a modern approach where you transition from a standard collar and sleeve grip to controlling the lapel on the same side, then drive your head under the opponent's armpit to execute the throw.
What's the most important thing to focus on when dropping into kata guruma?
According to The Judo Way of Life, maintaining continuous tension and kazushi (off-balance) throughout the movement is critical—if you simply drop straight down without keeping tension, you won't complete the throw.
Where should the power come from when finishing kata guruma?
The Judo Way of Life emphasizes that all drive comes from your back foot as you finish the throw; you sit on your opposite hip and push off explosively to complete the technique.
Как работает Kata Guruma?
Kata Guruma (shoulder wheel) is a te-waza technique in which the thrower lifts the opponent across the shoulders in a fireman's carry position and then wheels them over to the mat. The classical execution involves the thrower ducking under the opponent's arm, reaching between the legs to grip the inner thigh, and lifting the opponent onto the shoulders before rotating them over.
Откуда происходит Kata Guruma?
Kata guruma was included in the Kodokan gokyo as a hand technique and was one of the most spectacular throws in judo competition for over a century. The technique has parallels in wrestling (fireman's carry) and has been practised across grappling arts worldwide.
Разрешён ли Kata Guruma на соревнованиях?
IJF: запрещён — Banned since 2010 leg grab prohibition — direct hansoku-make; IBJJF: разрешён — Legal at all belt levels; UWW: разрешён — Legal in both freestyle and Greco-Roman; Unified MMA: разрешён — Legal throwing technique; ADCC: разрешён — Legal; FIAS Sport Sambo: разрешён — Legal; FIAS Combat Sambo: разрешён — Legal
Насколько опасен Kata Guruma?
Оценка опасности 6/10. High — Seoi-Nage family; high amplitude with rotation over tori's shoulder (Kano 1986)
Как подготовить Kata Guruma?
Стандартная цепочка подготовки: Grip Setup (Kumi-kata) → Off-Balance (Kuzushi) → Entry (Tsukuri) → Execution (Kake).
Как защититься от Kata Guruma?
Стандартные контрприёмы: Lower Centre of Gravity — bend knees and drop hips to make the throw harder to execute / Grip Break — deny the thrower their preferred gripping configuration / Stiff-Arm — maintain distance with straight arms to prevent the entry.
Какие есть варианты Kata Guruma?
Распространённые варианты: Morote seoi nage (two-handed shoulder throw with both hands gripping); Ippon seoi nage (one-arm shoulder throw loading the arm over the shoulder); Drop seoi nage (dropping to the knees for a lower entry point); Korean-style shoulder throw (modified entry with deeper level change).
Насколько эффективен Kata Guruma на соревнованиях?
Classical kata guruma was a common technique before the 2010 IJF leg-grab ban; modified drop versions remain scored in competition.
Какие типичные ошибки при выполнении Kata Guruma?
Основные ошибки, на которые стоит обратить внимание: Trying to muscle the opponent up with the back instead of standing up through the legs / Not getting deep enough under the opponent — your hips must be well below their centre of gravity / Attempting kata guruma without first pulling the opponent forward to break their posture / Not controlling both the arm and the leg/body — losing either grip means the opponent slides off.
Какие ещё названия есть у Kata Guruma?
Kata Guruma также известен как Shoulder Wheel, Fireman's Carry Throw, Kata Guruma, Brosok Cherez Plechi (бросок через плечи).