open hand strikes Filipino martial arts
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Fundamental Open Hand Strike·wmpyr
After putting in a couple of months worth of some hard testing on the punching bag.
Перевод: fundamental open hand strike
Дистанция и классификация
Категория
Удар и защитаЗамкиБлижний бойБой против нескольких
Дистанция
БлижняяСредняяДальняя
Целевая зона
Верхняя частьСредняя частьНижняя часть
Обзор
The Fundamental Open Hand Strike family covers striking techniques delivered with an open hand rather than a closed fist — including palm strikes, knife-hand strikes (shuto/chop), ridge-hand strikes, and hammer-edge strikes that appear across karate, kung fu, Krav Maga, and other martial arts. [1] Open-hand strikes offer several advantages over closed-fist punches: they significantly reduce the risk of hand injuries (broken metacarpals, boxer's fractures), they can effectively target soft tissue areas (throat, eyes, ears), and the palm heel provides a broad, hard striking surface backed by the wrist and forearm bones. [1],[2] In self-defence systems like Krav Maga, palm strikes are preferred over punches because they are effective without wrapping or gloves and can be delivered by untrained individuals with less risk of self-injury. [2],[3] The knife-hand strike (shuto uchi/karate chop) became one of the most iconic martial arts techniques in popular culture. [3]
Open Hand StrikePalm StrikeSlapOpen-Handed Technique
История и происхождение
Open-hand striking techniques are among the oldest documented combat techniques, appearing in virtually every martial arts tradition worldwide. [1] Karate formalised knife-hand techniques (shuto/haito) as part of its core curriculum, with the 'karate chop' becoming one of the most recognised martial arts techniques in global popular culture. [1],[2] Chinese martial arts developed an extraordinarily diverse array of open-hand formations (tiger claw, crane beak, iron palm) across hundreds of styles. [2],[3] Modern self-defence systems like Krav Maga adopted the palm strike as their primary striking technique due to its safety and effectiveness for untrained practitioners. [3]
Страна происхождения· показано в случайном порядке
- ЯпонияКарате, Айкидо
- КитайКунг-фу
- ИзраильКрав-мага
- КореяТхэквондо
- БразилияММА
- СШАММА
- ИндонезияПенчак-силат
- МалайзияПенчак-силат
Эффективность
Open-hand strikes are highly effective for self-defence and specific combat sport applications. [1] The palm strike is recommended by most self-defence experts over the punch because it generates comparable force with significantly less risk of hand injury. [2] In MMA, ground-and-pound palm strikes reduce the risk of broken hands that have derailed many fighters' careers. [3]
Родословная
Соревновательные результаты
Изображения
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Биомеханический механизм
Primary Action — Delivering impact through an open hand formation — palm heel, knife-edge, ridge hand, or fingertips — using hip rotation and arm extension
Joints Involved — Wrist (extended for palm strike to align the heel of the palm with the forearm bones; firm for knife-hand with fingers together), shoulder (drives the hand forward or in an arc), hips (rotation generates power like punching)
Force Vector — Palm strike: linear forward, same as a jab or cross but with heel of palm, Knife-hand: lateral diagonal arc targeting the neck, temple, or collarbone, Ridge hand: horizontal arc using the thumb-side edge
Strike Mechanic — Open-hand strikes distribute force differently than fist strikes — the palm heel concentrates force on the carpal bones (backed by the radius/ulna), making it extremely sturdy; the knife-hand uses the ulnar edge of the hand; the ridge hand uses the radial edge
Позиция и вход
Palm strike (self-defence) — From a natural stance, drive the heel of the palm forward into the opponent's nose or chin, fingers pointing upward, wrist firm — the palm strike is the primary striking technique taught in Krav Maga and many self-defence systems [1]
Knife-hand strike (shuto uchi) — From a karate fighting stance, swing the hand in a downward diagonal arc with fingers pressed together and thumb tucked, striking with the muscle pad on the ulnar edge of the hand — targeting the side of the neck
Ridge hand — Swing the hand in a horizontal arc, thumb-side leading, targeting the temple — used in karate and kickboxing
Видео
1 video
Изучить технику
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Оценки
Риск травмы для человека, к которому применяется техника
5
Высокий5/10
Open-hand strikes carry less self-injury risk than closed-fist punches but can still cause significant damage to the target; knife-hand strikes to the throat are potentially lethal; palm strikes to the nose can cause concussions
Уровень мастерства, необходимый для надёжного выполнения техники
Начинающий
Разрешена ли техника по основным соревновательным правилам
Запрещено
WBC/Boxing — Only closed-fist punches permitted {src— WBC Rules of Boxing}
Kyokushin — Only closed-fist strikes to body permitted {src— IKO Kyokushin Tournament Rules}
— WT — Prohibited
WT Competition Rules 2024PDF— WAKO — Closed fist only
WAKO Competition RulesPDFK-1/GLORY — Closed fist only {src— K-1/GLORY Kickboxing Rules}
Ограничено
— WKF — Varies by technique — some open-hand strikes legal ...
WKF Competition Rules 2024PDF— ITF — Some knife hand techniques legal
ITF Competition RulesPDFРазрешено
— palm strikes, slaps permitted
Unified Rules of MMA, August 2025PDF— IFMA — Legal — palm strikes permitted in Muay Thai
IFMA Muay Thai RulesPDFЗаметки по тренировке
✓Palm strikes should be trained as the primary self-defence striking technique — they are effective without gloves or wraps, and the risk of hand injury is minimal compared to punching (Krav Maga self-defence curricula) [1]
✓Knife-hand conditioning — the edge of the hand should be gradually conditioned through striking progressively harder surfaces; makiwara training in karate serves this purpose
✓The palm heel must be firm — a soft, relaxed wrist collapses on impact and can cause wrist injury; the wrist must be locked in extension
✓In MMA, open-hand strikes are legal but rarely used because boxing punches are more versatile with gloves on; however, palm strikes are valuable in ground-and-pound where broken hands are a concern [2]
✓Target selection matters for open-hand strikes — palm strikes to hard surfaces (forehead) are effective; knife-hands to hard bone (skull) are not; choose targets that match the striking surface
✓Practice karate's shuto uchi in kata — the kata encodes proper angles, timing, and power generation for knife-hand strikes
✓Train the palm strike alongside the jab — the mechanics are nearly identical, and switching between palm and fist at will expands the striking repertoire
Типичные ошибки
!Limp wrist on palm strikes — the wrist must be firmly extended; a relaxed wrist collapses on impact and injures the striker
!Spreading the fingers on knife-hand — the fingers must be pressed tightly together; spread fingers catch and bend on impact
!Targeting hard bone with knife-hand — shuto strikes are for soft tissue (neck, throat, floating ribs); striking the skull with a knife-hand hurts the hand more than the head
!Using open-hand strikes at long range — most open-hand strikes are close-to-medium range; attempting them from too far away results in weak slaps
!Neglecting hip rotation — like all strikes, open-hand strikes require hip rotation for power; arm-only strikes are weak
!Using spear hand (nukite) without conditioning — thrusting with fingers requires extensive hand conditioning; untrained fingers buckle on impact
!Slapping instead of striking — a slap is a loose, uncontrolled motion; a proper palm strike is a firm, structured technique with wrist alignment
Связанные техники
Boxing Punch — closed-fist striking that complements open-hand techniquesElbow Strike — close-range striking that works in conjunction with open-hand strikesDefence — blocking open-hand strikes uses similar mechanics to punch defenceKung Fu Strike (Open Hand) — Chinese martial arts open-hand formations
Контрприёмы
Цепочка подготовки
1Establish Range — close to striking distance
2Set Up — use feints, punches, or footwork to create an opening
3Select Strike — choose palm, knife-hand, or ridge hand based on target and angle
4Execute — deliver with proper hand formation, wrist alignment, and hip rotation
5Follow Up — chain with additional strikes or clinch entry
6Reset — return to fighting stance
Источники и ссылки
Основной источник
Dynamic Karate (Masatoshi Nakayama, 1966)
1КнигаDynamic Karate (Nakayama, 1966)
Description sources — [1] Dynamic Karate (Nakayama, 1966) on shuto and haito [2] Krav Maga self-defence curricula [3] Popular culture impact of karate chop
2КнигаTao of Jeet Kune Do (Lee, 1975)
History sources — [1] Okinawan karate traditions [2] Chinese martial arts open-hand systems [3] Modern self-defence system development
3КнигаKrav Maga: How to Defend Yourself Against Armed Assault (Lichtenfeld & Yanilov, 2001)
4ЦитатаDynamic Karate (Nakayama, 1966)
Description sources — [1] Dynamic Karate (Nakayama, 1966) on shuto and haito [2] Krav Maga self-defence curricula [3] Popular culture impact of karate chop
5ЦитатаTao of Jeet Kune Do (Lee, 1975)
History sources — [1] Okinawan karate traditions [2] Chinese martial arts open-hand systems [3] Modern self-defence system development
6ЦитатаKrav Maga: How to Defend Yourself Against Armed Assault (Lichtenfeld & Yanilov, 2001)
Сообщество
Атлетизм
Requires
wrist strength and alignment, hand conditioning for knife-hand, hip rotation
Favours
strong wrists, conditioned hands (for edge-of-hand strikes), good aim (soft tissue targeting)
Key muscles
forearms (wrist stability), shoulders (driving the hand), hip rotators (power generation), finger flexors (maintaining finger formation)
Подтехники
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Категория
Дистанция
Целевая зона
Shotei Chudan Uchi
ПодсемействоShotei Chudan Uchi (Palm Heel Middle Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate palm heel strike to the midsection, using the base of the palm to deliver impact to the solar plexus or ribs. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Shuto Hizo Uchi
ПодсемействоShuto Hizo Uchi (Knife-Hand Spleen Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate knife-hand strike to the spleen/liver area, using the blade of the hand horizontally. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Shuto Jodan Uchi Uchi
ПодсемействоShuto Jodan Uchi Uchi (High Inside Knife-Hand Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate high-level inside knife-hand strike targeting the temple or side of the neck. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Shuto Sakotsu Uchi
ПодсемействоShuto Sakotsu Uchi (Knife-Hand Collarbone Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate knife-hand strike targeting the collarbone (sakotsu), using the outer edge of the hand to strike downward. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Shuto Sakotsu Uchikomi
ПодсемействоShuto Sakotsu Uchikomi (Knife-Hand Collarbone Driving Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate driving knife-hand strike to the collarbone with forward body momentum, penetrating deeper than the standard version. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Shuto Uchi Uchi
ПодсемействоShuto Uchi Uchi (Inside Knife-Hand Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate knife-hand strike delivered inward from the outside, targeting the neck or temple. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Tettsui Hizo Uchi
ПодсемействоTettsui Hizo Uchi (Hammer Fist Spleen Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate hammer fist strike targeting the spleen/liver area. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Tettsui Komekami Uchi
ПодсемействоTettsui Komekami Uchi (Hammer Fist Temple Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate hammer fist strike targeting the temple (komekami). [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Tettsui Oroshi Uchi
ПодсемействоTettsui Oroshi Uchi (Descending Hammer Fist Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate downward hammer fist strike using the bottom of the fist, targeting the crown of the head, collarbone, or bridge of the nose. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Uraken Hizo Uchi
ПодсемействоUraken Hizo Uchi (Spleen Backfist Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate backfist strike directed to the spleen/liver area on the side of the body. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Uraken Oroshi Uchi
ПодсемействоUraken Oroshi Uchi (Descending Backfist Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate downward backfist strike delivered from overhead, targeting the bridge of the nose or top of the head. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Uraken Sayu Uchi
ПодсемействоUraken Sayu Uchi (Lateral Backfist Strike) is a Kyokushin Karate backfist strike delivered laterally to the side, targeting the temple. [1] Mas Oyama, founder of Kyokushin Karate, demonstrated this as a fundamental combat technique requiring proper body mechanics and spirit. [1] The technique emphasises full-body power generation through hip rotation and proper weight transfer. [1]
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Uraken Shomen Uchi
ПодсемействоUraken Shomen Uchi is a snapping backfist strike delivered to the front (shomen) of the opponent, using the back of the first two knuckles (the dorsal surface of the index and middle finger knuckles) as the striking surface, driven by a rapid wrist snap that produces a fast, cutting impact to the face, nose, or temple. [1] The technique is one of the most distinctive weapons in karate's striking arsenal: while punches drive forward using the front of the knuckles (seiken), the uraken strikes using the BACK of the knuckles, leveraging a whipping wrist snap rather than a thrusting arm extension for power generation. [1,2] The mechanical execution involves extending the arm toward the target in a horizontal arc, then sharply snapping the wrist to whip the back of the fist into the target — the speed comes from the wrist snap (which occurs over approximately 2-3 inches of travel) rather than the arm extension (which provides direction but not the primary impact force). [1] This wrist-snap mechanism makes the uraken one of the fastest striking techniques in karate — the wrist snap can be executed in under 0.1 seconds, and the back of the knuckles reaches velocities exceeding standard straight punches because the fist is at the end of a two-segment whip (forearm + hand). [1,2] Oyama demonstrated the Uraken Shomen Uchi as a fundamental Kyokushin technique for targeting the face from angles that straight punches cannot reach — the horizontal arc approaches the face from the side or from above, bypassing the frontal guard. [1] In Kyokushin competition, although punches to the face are prohibited, the uraken is classified as an uchi (strike) rather than a tsuki (thrust/punch), and is LEGAL to the face under Kyokushin rules — making it one of the only hand techniques that can legally target the head in Kyokushin tournament fighting. [1] This regulatory distinction has made the uraken one of the most important competition weapons in Kyokushin karate, with fighters developing sophisticated backfist attacks that exploit the ruleset's unique allowance. [1]
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Часто задаваемые вопросы
What's a common way to practice open hand strikes on equipment?
When working on the punching bag with open hand strikes, wrap your hands first, then put on gloves before striking, similar to how you would prepare for boxing practice.
Are there different ways to execute open hand strikes besides the standard method?
Yes—instead of the normal traditional way, you can vary your open hand strikes by incorporating palm heel strikes, chops, and wedge techniques, which can be very effective in Filipino martial arts applications.
Как работает Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
The Fundamental Open Hand Strike family covers striking techniques delivered with an open hand rather than a closed fist — including palm strikes, knife-hand strikes (shuto/chop), ridge-hand strikes, and hammer-edge strikes that appear across karate, kung fu, Krav Maga, and other martial arts. Open-hand strikes offer several advantages over closed-fist punches: they significantly reduce the risk of hand injuries (broken metacarpals, boxer's fractures), they can effectively target soft tissue areas (throat, eyes, ears), and the palm heel provides a broad, hard striking surface backed by the wrist and forearm bones.
Откуда происходит Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Open-hand striking techniques are among the oldest documented combat techniques, appearing in virtually every martial arts tradition worldwide. Karate formalised knife-hand techniques (shuto/haito) as part of its core curriculum, with the 'karate chop' becoming one of the most recognised martial arts techniques in global popular culture.
Разрешён ли Fundamental Open Hand Strike на соревнованиях?
Unified MMA: разрешён — Legal (palm strikes, slaps permitted); WBC/Boxing: запрещён — Only closed-fist punches permitted; WKF: ограничен — Varies by technique — some open-hand strikes legal in kata, generally restric…; Kyokushin: запрещён — Only closed-fist strikes to body permitted; WT: запрещён — Prohibited; ITF: ограничен — Some knife hand techniques legal; WAKO: запрещён — Closed fist only; K: запрещён — 1/GLORY — Closed fist only; IFMA: разрешён — Legal — palm strikes permitted in Muay Thai
Насколько опасен Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Оценка опасности 5/10. Moderate — open-hand strikes carry less self-injury risk than closed-fist punches but can still cause significant damage to the target; knife-hand strikes to the throat are potentially lethal; palm strikes to the nose can cause concussions
Как подготовить Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Стандартная цепочка подготовки: Establish Range → Set Up → Select Strike → Execute → Follow Up → Reset.
Как защититься от Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Стандартные контрприёмы: Same as punch defence — slip, block, parry, footwork / Cover the Throat — protecting the neck/throat area against knife-hand strikes / Lean Back — pulling back from close range makes open-hand strikes fall short / Distance — stepping out of range.
Какие есть варианты Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Распространённые варианты: Palm strike (shotei) (striking with the heel of the palm; the primary self-defe…); Knife-hand strike (shuto uchi) (striking with the ulnar edge of the hand; karate's signat…); Ridge hand (haito uchi) (striking with the radial edge (thumb side) in a horizonta…); Hammer fist (tetsui uchi) (technically a closed fist but using the bottom edge; some…); Palm-up strike (shotei chudan) (upward palm strike targeting the chin from below); Back-hand slap (open-hand strike using the back of the hand in a whipping…); Spear hand (nukite) (thrusting with extended fingers; targets soft tissue (thr…).
Насколько эффективен Fundamental Open Hand Strike на соревнованиях?
Knife-hand strikes score in WKF karate competition. Palm strikes are legal in MMA but less commonly used than punches at the professional level.
Какие типичные ошибки при выполнении Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Основные ошибки, на которые стоит обратить внимание: Limp wrist on palm strikes — the wrist must be firmly extended; a relaxed wrist collapses on impact and injures the s… / Spreading the fingers on knife-hand — the fingers must be pressed tightly together; spread fingers catch and bend on … / Targeting hard bone with knife-hand — shuto strikes are for soft tissue (neck, throat, floating ribs); striking the s… / Using open-hand strikes at long range — most open-hand strikes are close-to-medium range; attempting them from too fa….
Какие ещё названия есть у Fundamental Open Hand Strike?
Fundamental Open Hand Strike также известен как Fandamentaru Shōda, Open Hand Strike, Palm Strike, Slap, Open-Handed Technique.