Three-Quarter Nelson Crank

Variety

ネルソン(Neruson)

Transliteration

Translation: Nelson (katakana loanword); cervical extension neck crank

Overview

The three-quarter nelson crank from turtle applies a nelson variant where the attacker controls approximately three-quarters of the neck-cranking pathway — more than a half nelson but less than a full nelson. [1] Against a turtled opponent, the attacker threads one arm deep behind the neck while the second arm controls the near shoulder or arm, creating an asymmetric nelson hold. [1],[2] The three-quarter configuration generates rotational torque on the cervical spine while the turtle position limits the opponent's ability to roll or posture away. [2] This technique bridges the gap between wrestling control holds and submission-oriented neck cranks, serving dual purposes of positioning and submission threat. [2],[3]

Also known as
Three-Quarter Nelson[1]3/4 Nelson Crank[2]

History & Origin

Three-quarter nelson holds originated in folkstyle and Greco-Roman wrestling as turning techniques designed to expose the opponent's back to the mat. [1] The adaptation for submission cranking purposes emerged as wrestlers transitioned into grappling formats where neck cranks could end the match. [2],[3]

Effectiveness

The three-quarter Nelson provides significant cervical pressure while maintaining superior control; less power than the full Nelson but easier to secure from top position [1]

Lineage

A foundational wrestling technique adapted to submission grappling; the three-quarter Nelson has been part of wrestling curriculum for over a century [1]

Competition Record

Used in catch wrestling and MMA competition; the three-quarter Nelson is more commonly seen as a control tool than a standalone submission [1]

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Biomechanical Mechanism

Primary ActionCompression of the neck structures — restricts blood flow or airway depending on technique application
Joints InvolvedCervical spine, surrounding musculature, and vascular structures of the neck
Force VectorDirected compression against the neck from the choking limb or body position
Finishing MechanicSustained pressure causes either vascular occlusion (unconsciousness) or tracheal restriction (breathing difficulty)

Position & Entry

From controlling positionEstablish the dominant position, clear defensive grips, thread the choking limb into position
From guard (bottom)Break the opponent's posture, isolate the neck and configure the choke from underneath
From transitionDuring a scramble or position change, secure the neck control and lock the choke before the opponent re-establishes defence

Variants

Standard grip variationprimary hand configuration for maximum choking pressure
Gi variationuses the lapel or collar as an anchor for additional friction and control
No-gi variationadapted grip and positioning for submission grappling without the gi
Transition finishapplied during a positional change to catch the opponent off-guard

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Ratings

Danger Rating

Risk of injury to the person this technique is applied to

9
Extreme9/10

Extension cranks force the head backward; risk of vertebral disc and ligament damage

Difficulty

Skill level needed to execute this technique reliably

Advanced
Competition Legality

Whether this technique is allowed under major competition rule sets

Illegal
FIAS Sport Sambo — All chokes prohibited in Sport Sambo
FIAS International Sambo Competition RulesPDF
Legal
IBJJF — Legal at all belt levels, gi and no-gi — chokes a...
IBJJF Rules Book v6.0, June 2024PDF
ADCC — Legal
ADCC Rules Update, April 2025PDF
Unified MMA — Legal — choke submissions are among the mos...
Unified Rules of MMA, August 2025PDF
FIAS Combat Sambo — Legal
FIAS Combat Sambo RulesPDF

Training Notes

The three-quarter Nelson crank uses a deeper arm threading than the half-Nelson — the arm passes further behind the head to create more leverage, increasing the cervical flexion force from the turtle-attacking position (Paulson, Shoot Wrestling, 2007)
The 'three-quarter' describes the depth: between a half-Nelson (arm behind the head, hand on the neck) and a full Nelson (both arms behind the head) — one arm is threaded deeply enough to grip the opposite shoulder or arm
From turtle: thread the arm behind the turtled opponent's head and reach across to grip the far shoulder — the deeper reach creates a longer lever arm for the cervical crank
The three-quarter Nelson generates more flexion force than the half-Nelson because the longer lever arm creates greater mechanical advantage — more cervical stress per unit of effort
The turtle position is ideal for the three-quarter Nelson: the rounded posture means the head is already flexed partially — the Nelson takes it to the end range
The three-quarter Nelson from turtle is dual-purpose: it creates the cervical crank for submission and it turns the turtled opponent for positional advancement
The deeper threading makes the three-quarter Nelson harder to defend: the opponent cannot simply lift the head because the lever arm is longer and the force is greater

Common Mistakes

!Not threading deep enough — the three-quarter Nelson specifically requires reaching past the neck to the far shoulder; a standard half-Nelson depth is insufficient
!Applying without controlling the opponent's body — the turtle must be controlled with chest or hip pressure while the arm threads
!Using explosive force — the deeper leverage amplifies the cervical stress; progressive application is even more important with the three-quarter variant
!Not maintaining the grip on the far shoulder — the far-shoulder grip is the anchor; losing it reduces the technique to a half-Nelson
!Attempting against a flat opponent — the three-quarter Nelson works best against the turtle; a flat opponent's head is harder to thread behind
!Not transitioning to back take or side control — the three-quarter Nelson turns the opponent; follow the turn with positional advancement
!Confusing with the full Nelson — the three-quarter uses one arm deeply threaded; the full Nelson uses both arms behind the head

Related Techniques

Counter Techniques

Setup Chain

1Control Positionmaintain dominant position with weight on the opponent
2Isolate the Armsecure the wrist and thread the arm through for the figure-four
3Lock the Figure-Fourgrip own wrist behind the opponent's arm for leverage
4Apply Rotationrotate the arm to attack the shoulder joint

Sources & References

Primary Source

Japanese pro wrestling/catch wrestling standard terminology

1OtherJapanese Martial Arts Community Terminology

Japanese pro wrestling/catch wrestling standard terminology

2OtherJapanese Combat Sports Katakana Convention

Standard katakana transliteration of Western martial arts terminology (外来語) — used in Japanese MMA, boxing, and BJJ communities

3CitationJapanese pro wrestling/catch wrestling standard terminology

Japanese terminology sourced from Japanese pro wrestling/catch wrestling standard terminology

Community

Athletics

Requires

grip or squeeze strength, positional control

Favours

strong upper body for sustained compression

Key muscles

forearms, biceps, pectorals, core stabilisers

Frequently Asked Questions

How does the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank work?

The three-quarter nelson crank from turtle applies a nelson variant where the attacker controls approximately three-quarters of the neck-cranking pathway — more than a half nelson but less than a full nelson. Against a turtled opponent, the attacker threads one arm deep behind the neck while the second arm controls the near shoulder or arm, creating an asymmetric nelson hold.

Where does the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank come from?

Three-quarter nelson holds originated in folkstyle and Greco-Roman wrestling as turning techniques designed to expose the opponent's back to the mat. The adaptation for submission cranking purposes emerged as wrestlers transitioned into grappling formats where neck cranks could end the match.

Is the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank legal in competition?

IBJJF: legal — Legal at all belt levels, gi and no-gi — chokes are the safest submission cat…; IJF: legal — Legal (shime-waza) — strangulation techniques are one of three permitted subm…; ADCC: legal — Legal; Unified MMA: legal — Legal — choke submissions are among the most common finishes in MMA; FIAS Sport Sambo: banned — All chokes prohibited in Sport Sambo; FIAS Combat Sambo: legal — Legal

How dangerous is the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank?

Danger rating 9/10. Extension cranks force the head backward; risk of vertebral disc and ligament damage

How do I set up the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank?

The standard setup chain: Control Position → Isolate the Arm → Lock the Figure-Four → Apply Rotation.

How do I defend against the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank?

Standard counters include: Straighten the Arm — extend the arm to break the figure-four grip angle / Roll Toward — roll in the direction of the lock to relieve rotational pressure / Grip the Belt/Shorts — anchor the hand to prevent the arm from being isolated.

What are the variants of the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank?

Common variants: Standard grip variation (primary hand configuration for maximum choking pressure); Gi variation (uses the lapel or collar as an anchor for additional fric…); No-gi variation (adapted grip and positioning for submission grappling wit…); Transition finish (applied during a positional change to catch the opponent …).

How effective is the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank in competition?

Used in catch wrestling and MMA competition; the three-quarter Nelson is more commonly seen as a control tool than a standalone submission

What are common mistakes when doing the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank?

Top errors to watch for: Not threading deep enough — the three-quarter Nelson specifically requires reaching past the neck to the far shoulder… / Applying without controlling the opponent's body — the turtle must be controlled with chest or hip pressure while the… / Using explosive force — the deeper leverage amplifies the cervical stress; progressive application is even more impor… / Not maintaining the grip on the far shoulder — the far-shoulder grip is the anchor; losing it reduces the technique t….

What are other names for the Three-Quarter Nelson Crank?

The Three-Quarter Nelson Crank is also known as Neruson, Three-Quarter Nelson, 3/4 Nelson Crank.