tenbin nage, ude kimi nage
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Tenbin Nage·Denzel Aiki
Перевод: balance / scale-beam throw
Дистанция и классификация
Категория
Удар и защитаЗамкиБлижний бойБой против нескольких
Дистанция
БлижняяСредняяДальняя
Целевая зона
Верхняя частьСредняя частьНижняя часть
Обзор
Tenbin Nage (literally 'scale-beam throw') is an aikido throw that off-balances the opponent by hyperextending their elbow joint while levering against the shoulder, treating the opponent's straightened arm as a tenbin (the beam of a balance scale). [1],[2] The throw is mechanically distinct from kokyu nage and kaiten nage in that it uses joint engagement as the primary off-balance vector — the elbow extension creates pain compliance that drives the opponent forward and down. [1],[3] Tenbin nage is most commonly applied from sumi-otoshi or katate-dori entries and is closely related to Daito-ryu's ude-nobashi (arm-extension) techniques. [2],[4] In Yoshinkan curricula it is sometimes classified separately from the pure aiki throws because of the joint-engagement element; in Aikikai and Iwama-ryu it is taught as a canonical aikido throw at intermediate levels. [3],[4] The throw is named for the visual analogy: the opponent's straightened arm becomes the beam of a scale, with the aikidoka's lever applied at the elbow as the fulcrum and the wrist as the load. [1],[2]
Tenbin-nageJPTenbin NageJPBalance ThrowScale-Beam ThrowSeesaw Throw天秤投JPHyperextension Throw
История и происхождение
Tenbin nage was systematised by Morihei Ueshiba and his senior students during the 1930s-1950s, derived directly from the ude-nobashi (arm-extension) lever techniques of Daito-ryu aiki-jujutsu under Sokaku Takeda. [1],[2] The naming references the Japanese word for a scale-beam (tenbin), with the opponent's straightened arm forming the beam of the balance. [1],[3] The throw appears in standard aikido curricula and was formalised in textbooks by Kisshomaru Ueshiba, Gozo Shioda, and Morihiro Saito in the 1950s-1970s. [3],[4]
Страна происхождения· показано в случайном порядке
- Япония天秤投げ(Tenbin-nage)Айкидо, Ёсинкан, Айкикай, Ивама-рю
- КореяХапкидо
Эффективность
Tenbin nage is highly effective when the opponent's arm can be straightened — the lever mechanics are reliable. [1] It is harder to apply against opponents with bent-arm positions or against grappling-trained opponents who refuse to extend. [2] The throw is rarely seen in modern MMA in pure form, but the standing armbar that emerges from the same mechanics (ude-hishigi-juji-gatame from standing) is occasionally seen. [3] In Tomiki / Shodokan competitive aikido, tenbin nage appears in tanto-randori (knife defence randori). [2],[3]
Родословная
Соревновательные результаты
Изображения
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Биомеханический механизм
Primary Action — Hyperextending the opponent's elbow while levering against the shoulder, using the straightened arm as a balance beam to off-balance the opponent forward and down
Joints Involved — Opponent's elbow (primary lever — hyperextension), shoulder (secondary fulcrum), wrist (grip control); thrower's hands (lever ends — one at wrist, one at elbow or shoulder)
Force Vector — Lever-based — the opponent's elbow becomes the fulcrum of a scale beam; pressure on the wrist and shoulder produces forward-and-down off-balance
Aiki Principle — The opponent's own resisting arm becomes the lever that throws them — by straightening the arm and applying the scale-beam principle, the opponent's structure is used against them
Позиция и вход
From single wrist grab (katate-dori) — Aikidoka extends uke's arm straight, applies elbow lever, drops uke forward
From sumi-otoshi entry — After breaking uke's balance backward, transition to tenbin nage by extending the arm and applying the lever
From a strike (yokomen-uchi) — Catch and extend the striking arm, then apply the balance-beam lever
Варианты
Standard tenbin-nage — Lever applied at the elbow with shoulder as fulcrum
Compact form (Yoshinkan) — Tighter lever with less travel; militarily-precise
Iwama-ryu form (Saito) — Emphasis on ki extension through the lever
Suwari-waza tenbin-nage — Kneeling form (formal training)
Видео
1 video
Изучить технику
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Оценки
Риск травмы для человека, к которому применяется техника
6
Высокий6/10
High — joint engagement at the elbow can damage the joint if applied with full force or speed. The throw is typically practiced slowly with cooperative ukemi; in non-cooperative contexts the elbow hyperextension can produce hyperextension injury or even ligament damage
Уровень мастерства, необходимый для надёжного выполнения техники
Средний
Разрешена ли техника по основным соревновательным правилам
— IBJJF — Legal as throw
IBJJF Rules Book v6.0, June 2024PDF— ADCC — Legal
ADCC Rules Update, April 2025PDF— Unified MMA — Legal as standing throw; sustained elbow hy...
Unified Rules of MMA, August 2025PDF— ude-hishigi-juji-gatame from standing
IJF Sport and Organisation Rules 2025PDFЗаметки по тренировке
✓Tenbin nage requires precise lever placement — the elbow must be straight before the lever is applied; bent elbows produce a different (joint-twisting) result
✓Practice slowly first — joint engagement throws are higher-injury-risk than pure aiki throws and require sensitive uke
✓Pair training: drill with uke ready to tap if the elbow lever begins; do not power through resistance
✓The throw is closely related to Daito-ryu ude-nobashi — cross-training in Daito-ryu is informative for understanding the lever mechanics
✓Saito's Traditional Aikido vol. 1 has the canonical Iwama form; Shioda's Total Aikido has the Yoshinkan compact form
Типичные ошибки
!Applying the lever before the arm is straight — bent-elbow application produces an arm-twist, not a balance-beam throw
!Using strength instead of leverage — tenbin nage works on lever mechanics; if force is required, the placement was wrong
!Forgetting to off-balance forward — the throw needs uke's centre to be moving forward; static application fails
!Rushing the lever — joint engagement requires sensitive timing; speed produces injury risk
!Insufficient ukemi training — uke must be confident on a forward roll-out from the lever-applied position
Связанные техники
Контрприёмы
Цепочка подготовки
1Receive Wrist Grab or Strike
2Step Off-line
3Extend and Straighten Uke's Arm
4Apply Elbow Lever with Shoulder as Fulcrum
5Project Forward and Down
6Release Lever Cleanly
Источники и ссылки
Основной источник
Aikido (Kisshomaru Ueshiba, 1957)
1КнигаMorihei Ueshiba, Budo: Teachings of the Founder of Aikido (1991, posthumous)
Description sources — [1] Aikido (K. Ueshiba 1957); [2] Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu Conversations (Pranin); [3] Total Aikido (Shioda); [4] Traditional Aikido Vol 2 (Saito)
2КнигаKisshomaru Ueshiba, Aikido (1957)
Lineage sources — [1] Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu Conversations (Pranin); [2] Aikido (K. Ueshiba 1957); [3] Traditional Aikido (Saito); [4] Total Aikido (Shioda)
3КнигаGozo Shioda, Total Aikido: The Master Course (1996)
Effectiveness sources — [1] Aikikai pedagogy; [2] Tomiki/Shodokan competition records; [3] modern critique (Aikido Journal)
4КнигаMorihiro Saito, Traditional Aikido Vol 2: Advanced Techniques (1974)
5КнигаStanley Pranin, Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu Conversations With Daito-ryu Masters (1996)
6Учебная программаAikido Terminology
Aikido technique naming conventions
Standard Japanese martial arts terminology (kanji/hiragana)
8ДругоеJapanese Martial Arts Standard Terminology (武道用語)
Established Japanese martial arts naming convention — native Japanese term (和語/漢語)
9ЦитатаMorihei Ueshiba, Budo: Teachings of the Founder of Aikido (1991, posthumous)
Description sources — [1] Aikido (K. Ueshiba 1957); [2] Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu Conversations (Pranin); [3] Total Aikido (Shioda); [4] Traditional Aikido Vol 2 (Saito)
10ЦитатаKisshomaru Ueshiba, Aikido (1957)
Lineage sources — [1] Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu Conversations (Pranin); [2] Aikido (K. Ueshiba 1957); [3] Traditional Aikido (Saito); [4] Total Aikido (Shioda)
11ЦитатаGozo Shioda, Total Aikido: The Master Course (1996)
Effectiveness sources — [1] Aikikai pedagogy; [2] Tomiki/Shodokan competition records; [3] modern critique (Aikido Journal)
12ЦитатаMorihiro Saito, Traditional Aikido Vol 2: Advanced Techniques (1974)
13ЦитатаStanley Pranin, Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu Conversations With Daito-ryu Masters (1996)
Сообщество
Атлетизм
Requires
precise lever placement, hip mobility, sensitivity to uke's joint tolerance
Key muscles
forearms (lever application), lats (extending uke's arm), hip rotators (off-line step), core
Заметки
Tenbin Nage (balance/scale-beam throw) — uses the opponent's straightened arm as a lever, treating it as the beam of a balance scale. Joint engagement at the elbow distinguishes it from pure aiki throws like kokyu nage. Closely related to Daito-ryu's ude-nobashi.
Часто задаваемые вопросы
Как работает Tenbin Nage?
Tenbin Nage (literally 'scale-beam throw') is an aikido throw that off-balances the opponent by hyperextending their elbow joint while levering against the shoulder, treating the opponent's straightened arm as a tenbin (the beam of a balance scale). The throw is mechanically distinct from kokyu nage and kaiten nage in that it uses joint engagement as the primary off-balance vector — the elbow extension creates pain compliance that drives the opponent forward and down.
Откуда происходит Tenbin Nage?
Tenbin nage was systematised by Morihei Ueshiba and his senior students during the 1930s-1950s, derived directly from the ude-nobashi (arm-extension) lever techniques of Daito-ryu aiki-jujutsu under Sokaku Takeda. The naming references the Japanese word for a scale-beam (tenbin), with the opponent's straightened arm forming the beam of the balance.
Разрешён ли Tenbin Nage на соревнованиях?
IBJJF: разрешён — Legal as throw; ADCC: разрешён — Legal; Unified MMA: разрешён — Legal as standing throw; sustained elbow hyperextension would qualify as a se…; IJF: разрешён — Legal as a throw entry; standing armbars (ude-hishigi-juji-gatame from standi…
Насколько опасен Tenbin Nage?
Оценка опасности 6/10. Moderate-high — joint engagement at the elbow can damage the joint if applied with full force or speed. The throw is typically practiced slowly with cooperative ukemi; in non-cooperative contexts the elbow hyperextension can produce hyperextension injury or even ligament damage
Как подготовить Tenbin Nage?
Стандартная цепочка подготовки: Receive Wrist Grab or Strike → Step Off-line → Extend and Straighten Uke's Arm → Apply Elbow Lever with Shoulder as Fulcrum → Project Forward and Down → Release Lever Cleanly.
Как защититься от Tenbin Nage?
Стандартные контрприёмы: Bend the elbow — refuse the straightened-arm position the lever needs / Release the gripped wrist before the lever forms / Pivot toward the thrower to relieve the lever angle / Stable grappling base with bent elbow positioning.
Какие есть варианты Tenbin Nage?
Распространённые варианты: Standard tenbin-nage (Lever applied at the elbow with shoulder as fulcrum); Compact form (Yoshinkan) (Tighter lever with less travel; militarily-precise); Iwama-ryu form (Saito) (Emphasis on ki extension through the lever); Suwari-waza tenbin-nage (Kneeling form (formal training)).
Насколько эффективен Tenbin Nage на соревнованиях?
Appears in Tomiki / Shodokan tanto-randori (knife defence) and toshu-randori. Generally non-competitive in Aikikai and Yoshinkan.
Какие типичные ошибки при выполнении Tenbin Nage?
Основные ошибки, на которые стоит обратить внимание: Applying the lever before the arm is straight — bent-elbow application produces an arm-twist, not a balance-beam throw / Using strength instead of leverage — tenbin nage works on lever mechanics; if force is required, the placement was wrong / Forgetting to off-balance forward — the throw needs uke's centre to be moving forward; static application fails / Rushing the lever — joint engagement requires sensitive timing; speed produces injury risk.
Какие ещё названия есть у Tenbin Nage?
Tenbin Nage также известен как Tenbin-nage, Tenbin Nage, Balance Throw, Scale-Beam Throw, Seesaw Throw.