Learn the Art of Combat: Longsword Guards - Beginners Guide
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Quarta Guard·Björn Rüther
Knowing the guards in the long sword, knowing which techniques and concepts to apply from each posture, and being able t…
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Дистанция и классификация
Дистанция
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Обзор
Quarta (fourth guard) positions the hand with the palm facing upward (supinated), the blade angled across the body to protect the inside low line and threaten a thrust to the opponent's flank or abdomen. [1] Quarta is the guard most commonly used for parrying thrusts to the inside line and is the foundation of the modern fencing parry of quarte. [1],[2] From Quarta, the fencer can deliver a riposte thrust along the inside line with minimal blade movement. [2],[3]
История и происхождение
Страна происхождения· показано в случайном порядке
- ГерманияHEMA
- ИталияHEMA, Итальянская рапира
Эффективность
Родословная
Quarta was described by Italian rapier masters including Agrippa, Capo Ferro, and Salvator Fabris as one of the four primary guard positions. [1]
Соревновательные результаты
Quarta is studied and used in HEMA rapier tournaments and historical fencing events worldwide. [1]
Изображения
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Биомеханический механизм
Primary Action — Cutting, thrusting, or striking with a bladed weapon — edge alignment and trajectory determine cutting effectiveness
Joints Involved — Wrists (edge alignment and rotation), elbows (extension for thrusts, chambering for cuts), shoulders (arc of the cut), hips (power generation)
Force Vector — Varies — downward diagonal cut (kesa-giri), horizontal cut (yoko-giri), thrust (tsuki), or rising cut (kiri-age)
Weapon Mechanic — Edge alignment (hasuji) is critical — the blade must travel along its cutting plane for effective cuts
Позиция и вход
From ready stance (chudan-no-kamae or equivalent) — Assume guard position, establish distance (ma-ai), execute the cut or thrust when an opening appears
From engagement distance — Use footwork to close to striking range, execute the technique with proper edge alignment (hasuji)
As counter — Wait for the opponent's attack, deflect or avoid, and counter-cut to the exposed target
Варианты
Standard cut — primary cutting angle from the ready stance
Thrust (tsuki) — straight thrust targeting the throat, chest, or face
Rising cut (kiri-age) — upward diagonal cut from low to high
Diagonal cut (kesa-giri) — downward diagonal cut following the kimono line
Видео
Learn to fight with the Greatsword! A tutorial on Figueyredo's simple rules 1-16
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Quarta Guard·Virtual Fechtschule
A year ago, I went out to Teylingen castle in 32 degrees of heat, to record all of Figueyredo's simple rules for the mon…
Mixed Weapon Cutting Tournament (Top 4) - Filipino, Latin American, German Swords!
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Quarta Guard·Blood and Iron HEMA
The Short Blades Symposium hosts a variety of fighters from multiple different combat systems, and puts them together ag…
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3 videosЧто говорят инструкторы
Quarta guard appears minimally in the provided instructional material. Björn Rüther's comprehensive longsword guards overview does not explicitly mention quarta by name, instead organizing instruction around Joachim Meyer's 14 guards (four main and ten secondary), which include positions such as ox, plow, fool, and day guard—structured as both starting positions and transitional postures. The Blood and Iron HEMA transcript provides no instructional content, consisting solely of tournament footage with minimal commentary. Virtual Fechtschule's treatment of Figueiredo's greatsword rules focuses on basic cutting and thrusting sequences rather than named guard positions. None of the three instructors provide direct exposition of quarta guard positioning, mechanics, or applications. Rüther emphasizes that guards serve as memory aids and structural frameworks for understanding fencing concepts, noting that practitioners should flow between guards with intention rather than arbitrary repositioning. The absence of explicit quarta discussion across these sources suggests either that quarta is not a primary guard in the Meyer or Figueiredo systems covered, or that it is addressed under alternative nomenclature within the broader guard taxonomy these instructors employ.
Сформировано на основе 3 инструкторов
- Björn Rüther — Learn the Art of Combat: Longsword Guards - Beginners Guide: Comprehensive overview of Meyer's guard system (14 total guards including four main guards), guard purposes, and conceptual applications; no explicit quarta reference
- Blood and Iron HEMA — Mixed Weapon Cutting Tournament (Top 4) - Filipino, Latin American, German Swords!: Tournament demonstration footage; no instructional content on specific guards
- Virtual Fechtschule — Learn to fight with the Greatsword! A tutorial on Figueyredo's simple rules 1-16: Figueiredo greatsword system instruction focusing on cutting and thrusting sequences; guard positions not systematically named or discussed
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Оценки
Риск травмы для человека, к которому применяется техника
9
Экстремальный9/10
Edged weapons cause fatal lacerations; historical battlefield mortality rates >30% (Amberger 1999)
Уровень мастерства, необходимый для надёжного выполнения техники
Продвинутый
Разрешена ли техника по основным соревновательным правилам
— FIE — Legal fencing technique — governed by FIE rules for...
FIE Rules of CompetitionPDFHEMA — Legal in historical fencing competition {src— various organizations
Заметки по тренировке
✓Quarta (fourth) guard positions the hand with pronation (palm facing down) covering the outside high line — it is the primary defensive guard against attacks from the outside (Capo Ferro, Gran Simulacro, 1610)
✓Quarta is the guard for the outside high quadrant: the pronated hand position naturally displaces attacks to the outside of the body
✓From Quarta, the thrust travels to the opponent's outside — attacking the flank or the outside of the arm
✓Quarta's parry is the strongest defensive action in rapier: the pronated hand position creates maximum blade leverage for deflecting incoming attacks
✓The Quarta parry combined with a riposte is the fundamental defensive-offensive action in Italian rapier
✓In Fabris' system, Quarta is used extensively against right-handed opponents: it controls the outside line where most attacks travel
✓Quarta is the guard used for many counter-attacks: the pronated position deflects the incoming blade while the point extends
Типичные ошибки
!Over-pronating the hand — the palm faces down but should not be forced to an extreme position
!Not using Quarta defensively — it is the strongest parry guard; use it when the outside line is threatened
!Holding Quarta without offensive intent — the point must threaten from every guard position
!Not training the Quarta parry-riposte — the parry into counter-thrust is the fundamental Quarta sequence
!Using Quarta against inside-line attacks — it covers the outside; use Terza for inside defence
!Tensing the wrist in the pronated position — maintain wrist flexibility for quick transitions
!Not understanding Quarta's relationship to other guards — it works as part of the guard system, not in isolation
Связанные техники
Контрприёмы
Цепочка подготовки
1En Garde — assume the fencing ready position with proper blade presentation
2Advance/Lunge Preparation — close distance with footwork
3Attack — execute the touch with right-of-way (if applicable) and proper point/edge
4Recovery — return to en garde after the action
Источники и ссылки
Основной источник
The Art of Fencing (Luigi Barbasetti, 1932)
1КнигаThe Book of Five Rings (Musashi, 1645)
Alias sources — [1] The Sword and the Centuries (Castle, 1901) [2] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014) [3] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014)
2КнигаThe Art of Fencing (Barbasetti, 1932)
Effectiveness sources — [1] The Martial Arts of Renaissance Europe (Anglo, 2000) [2] The Swordsman's Companion (Windsor, 2004)
3ДругоеJapanese Martial Arts Hybrid Terminology
Mixed Japanese-Western terminology — combines traditional Japanese terms with katakana loanwords
4ЦитатаThe Book of Five Rings (Musashi, 1645)
Alias sources — [1] The Sword and the Centuries (Castle, 1901) [2] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014) [3] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014)
5ЦитатаThe Art of Fencing (Barbasetti, 1932)
Effectiveness sources — [1] The Martial Arts of Renaissance Europe (Anglo, 2000) [2] The Swordsman's Companion (Windsor, 2004)
Сообщество
Атлетизм
Requires
wrist control for edge alignment, grip endurance, footwork precision
Favours
quick wrists, strong forearms, good posture
Key muscles
forearm extensors/flexors, deltoids, core, calves
Часто задаваемые вопросы
How do I transition from a cut into Quarta Guard effectively?
Instead of cutting all the way through into the guard in front of your face, pull your arms in after cutting through to bring the greatsword into a guard over your right arm, from which you can thrust quite well. (Virtual Fechtschule)
Should I change guards frequently when fighting?
Never change your guard without an idea behind it or an intention, as otherwise your opponent will have many more options to attack openings while you foolishly switch positions. (Björn Rüther)
Как работает Quarta Guard?
Quarta (fourth guard) positions the hand with the palm facing upward (supinated), the blade angled across the body to protect the inside low line and threaten a thrust to the opponent's flank or abdomen. Quarta is the guard most commonly used for parrying thrusts to the inside line and is the foundation of the modern fencing parry of quarte.
Откуда происходит Quarta Guard?
Quarta is described in all major Italian rapier manuals as the fourth guard position, essential for defending the inside line. Its direct descendant, the parry of quarte, remains the most frequently used parry in modern sport fencing.
Разрешён ли Quarta Guard на соревнованиях?
FIE: разрешён — Legal fencing technique — governed by FIE rules for foil, épée, and sabre; HEMA: разрешён — Legal in historical fencing competition
Насколько опасен Quarta Guard?
Оценка опасности 9/10. Extreme — edged weapons cause fatal lacerations; historical battlefield mortality rates >30% (Amberger 1999)
Как подготовить Quarta Guard?
Стандартная цепочка подготовки: En Garde → Advance/Lunge Preparation → Attack → Recovery.
Как защититься от Quarta Guard?
Стандартные контрприёмы: Beat Parry — deflect the blade with a sharp lateral beat before it reaches target / Displacement — move the body off the line while threatening with the point / Counter-Thrust — extend into the attacker's line during their advance.
Какие есть варианты Quarta Guard?
Распространённые варианты: Standard cut (primary cutting angle from the ready stance); Thrust (tsuki) (straight thrust targeting the throat, chest, or face); Rising cut (kiri-age) (upward diagonal cut from low to high); Diagonal cut (kesa-giri) (downward diagonal cut following the kimono line).
Насколько эффективен Quarta Guard на соревнованиях?
Quarta is studied and used in HEMA rapier tournaments and historical fencing events worldwide.
Какие типичные ошибки при выполнении Quarta Guard?
Основные ошибки, на которые стоит обратить внимание: Over-pronating the hand — the palm faces down but should not be forced to an extreme position / Not using Quarta defensively — it is the strongest parry guard; use it when the outside line is threatened / Holding Quarta without offensive intent — the point must threaten from every guard position / Not training the Quarta parry-riposte — the parry into counter-thrust is the fundamental Quarta sequence.
Какие ещё названия есть у Quarta Guard?
Quarta Guard также известен как Kwaruta Kamae, Quarta, Fourth Guard, Guardia di Quarta.