10 Joint Locks Everyone Should Know
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Figure-Four Extension·Straight Circle Martial Arts·Added by Admin
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Перевод: figure-four extension
Дистанция и классификация
Категория
Удар и защитаЗамкиБлижний бойБой против нескольких
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Обзор
The figure-four extension wrist lock uses a figure-four grip configuration to hyperextend the opponent's wrist — bending it backward beyond its natural range of motion. [1],[2] The attacker grips the opponent's hand with one hand and reinforces with a figure-four by gripping their own wrist, then presses the back of the opponent's hand toward the forearm. [1] The figure-four provides mechanical advantage that makes the lock extremely difficult to resist with wrist strength alone. [1] This is commonly applied when the opponent grips a collar or sleeve in gi grappling. [1],[2]
История и происхождение
Figure-four wrist locks appear in Japanese jujutsu (kote-gaeshi and related techniques) and aikido as fundamental joint manipulation methods. [1],[2] In BJJ, wrist locks were historically underutilized but have gained prominence as practitioners like Jamil Hill-Taylor and Claudio Calasans demonstrated their effectiveness in high-level competition. [1]
Страна происхождения· показано в случайном порядке
- БразилияБразильское джиу-джитсу, Сабмишн-грэпплинг, ММА
- Японияフィギュアフォー伸ばし(Figyua Fō Nobashi)Бразильское джиу-джитсу, Дзюдо, Сабмишн-грэпплинг
- СШАСабмишн-грэпплинг, ММА
- РоссияСамбо
- КитайЦиньна
Эффективность
The figure-four extension combines the figure-four grip with elbow hyperextension for a powerful armlock. [1]
Родословная
Figure-four extension locks are part of the judo and BJJ armlock curriculum. [1]
Соревновательные результаты
Figure-four armlocks are used in competition across all grappling formats. [1]
Изображения
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Биомеханический механизм
Primary Action — Hyperextension of the elbow joint — the hips drive upward against the posterior humerus while controlling the wrist
Joints Involved — Elbow (extension beyond normal ROM), wrist (stabilized), shoulder (isolated and controlled)
Force Vector — Posterior-to-anterior force on the upper arm with fixed distal anchor at the wrist creates a lever arm across the elbow
Leverage Principle — Hips act as the fulcrum — the longer the lever (full arm extension), the less force needed to hyperextend
Позиция и вход
From any grip exchange — During grip fighting, isolate the opponent's wrist with two-on-one control and apply sudden flexion or rotation
From guard (gi) — When opponent posts a hand on the mat or chest, trap the wrist and apply downward pressure for the wrist lock
From mount or side control — Opponent posts to escape, trap the wrist against the mat and apply the lock
Варианты
Standard wrist lock (kote gaeshi) — two-handed rotational lock on the wrist
Gooseneck wrist lock — flexion lock bending the wrist down toward the forearm
Standing wrist lock — applied during grip fighting or a standing exchange
Ground wrist lock — catching the opponent's posted hand from mount, side control, or guard
Видео
1 video
Изучить технику
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Оценки
Риск травмы для человека, к которому применяется техника
5
Высокий5/10
Wrist lock variant targeting carpal and radioulnar joints through forced deviation or torsion
Уровень мастерства, необходимый для надёжного выполнения техники
Продвинутый
Разрешена ли техника по основным соревновательным правилам
Запрещено
— kansetsu-waza
IJF Sport and Organisation Rules 2025, Article 27PDFРазрешено
— IBJJF — Legal at all belt levels
IBJJF Rules Book v6.0, June 2024PDF— ADCC — Legal — all submissions legal in ADCC
ADCC Rules Update, April 2025PDF— Unified MMA — Legal submission technique
Unified Rules of MMA, August 2025PDF— FIAS Sport Sambo — Legal
FIAS International Sambo Competition RulesPDF— FIAS Combat Sambo — Legal
FIAS Combat Sambo RulesPDFЗаметки по тренировке
✓The figure-four wrist extension uses a figure-four grip to amplify the extension force — one hand controls the wrist while the other threads behind the hand and grabs the first wrist (Danaher, New Wave Jiu Jitsu, 2020)
✓The figure-four grip creates a closed loop: the attacker's arms encircle the opponent's hand, providing inescapable control and multiplied leverage
✓This lock is commonly applied from mount: when the opponent posts a hand on the attacker's hip to bench press, the figure-four wraps around the hand and extends the wrist
✓The figure-four makes the extension lock much harder to defend: both of the attacker's arms work against one wrist — overwhelming any resistance
✓The lock finishes by driving the attacker's forearm against the back of the opponent's hand while pulling the wrist toward the attacker — a two-directional force
✓The figure-four wrist extension appears in aikido (nikkyo) and traditional jujutsu — these arts developed the technique for standing control and takedowns
✓The figure-four wrist lock is often a surprise: opponents focused on defending chokes and armbars forget about the wrist, creating a sudden submission opportunity
Типичные ошибки
!Not threading the arm deeply enough — the figure-four must fully encircle the hand; a shallow grip allows the opponent to pull free
!Applying the extension without controlling the forearm — the forearm must be pinned (to your body, to the mat) for the figure-four to generate force
!Using only arm strength — drive body weight through the figure-four; muscling it is less effective and more tiring
!Not recognising the setup — the figure-four wrist lock is available whenever the opponent posts or pushes with a flat hand
!Releasing the grip when the opponent resists — maintain the figure-four; even if the lock doesn't finish, the grip can transition to other attacks
!Applying at full speed — the figure-four amplifies force dramatically; apply very slowly in training
!Not training figure-four wrist locks from multiple positions — this lock works from mount, guard, side control, and standing; train all entries
Связанные техники
Контрприёмы
Цепочка подготовки
1Establish Position — achieve the controlling position needed for this submission
2Create the Threat — begin the submission setup to force a defensive reaction
3Secure the Hold — lock the submission grip with proper body mechanics
4Finish — apply increasing pressure until the opponent taps or the joint/choke takes effect
Источники и ссылки
Основной источник
Japanese BJJ — shi-no-ji (四の字, figure-four) standard modifier
1КнигаJapanese BJJ — shi-no-ji (四の字, figure-four) standard modifier
Japanese terminology sourced from Japanese BJJ — shi-no-ji (四の字, figure-four) standard modifier
2ДругоеJapanese Martial Arts Hybrid Terminology
Mixed Japanese-Western terminology — combines traditional Japanese terms with katakana loanwords
3ЦитатаJapanese BJJ — shi-no-ji (四の字, figure-four) standard modifier
Japanese terminology sourced from Japanese BJJ — shi-no-ji (四の字, figure-four) standard modifier
Сообщество
Атлетизм
Requires
fine motor control, grip sensitivity, quick hand transitions
Favours
dexterous hands with strong fingers
Key muscles
forearm flexors and extensors, intrinsic hand muscles
Часто задаваемые вопросы
What are the two control points I need to focus on when applying a figure-four extension?
You need two points of control: one point pulling inward and one point pushing downward. Straight Circle Martial Arts emphasizes that maintaining these two distinct pressure points is essential to making the lock work effectively.
Why is it important to make my opponent bend their arm before applying this lock?
If you don't get your opponent to bend first, they can lock you out by straightening their arm. Straight Circle Martial Arts stresses that ensuring the arm is bent is critical before you slip into the lock position.
What should I do if there's slack in my grip during the figure-four extension?
If you leave slack, your opponent can bend or escape the lock. Straight Circle Martial Arts recommends pulling the control point in tightly and keeping tension throughout to prevent escape.
How should I position my arms to maximize the effectiveness of this technique?
You want to grab like holding a motorcycle—with a curved grip—and create a triangle shape pointing downward into your opponent as you drive them to the floor. The key is maintaining the proper curve in your hands and support structure throughout the movement.
Как работает Figure-Four Extension?
The figure-four extension wrist lock uses a figure-four grip configuration to hyperextend the opponent's wrist — bending it backward beyond its natural range of motion. The attacker grips the opponent's hand with one hand and reinforces with a figure-four by gripping their own wrist, then presses the back of the opponent's hand toward the forearm.
Откуда происходит Figure-Four Extension?
Figure-four wrist locks appear in Japanese jujutsu (kote-gaeshi and related techniques) and aikido as fundamental joint manipulation methods. In BJJ, wrist locks were historically underutilized but have gained prominence as practitioners like Jamil Hill-Taylor and Claudio Calasans demonstrated their effectiveness in high-level competition.
Разрешён ли Figure-Four Extension на соревнованиях?
IBJJF: разрешён — Legal at all belt levels; IJF: запрещён — Only elbow joint locks (kansetsu-waza) permitted in judo — all other joint lo…; ADCC: разрешён — Legal — all submissions legal in ADCC; Unified MMA: разрешён — Legal submission technique; FIAS Sport Sambo: разрешён — Legal; FIAS Combat Sambo: разрешён — Legal
Насколько опасен Figure-Four Extension?
Оценка опасности 5/10. Wrist lock variant targeting carpal and radioulnar joints through forced deviation or torsion
Как подготовить Figure-Four Extension?
Стандартная цепочка подготовки: Establish Position → Create the Threat → Secure the Hold → Finish.
Как защититься от Figure-Four Extension?
Стандартные контрприёмы: Early Recognition — identify the submission attempt early and begin defence immediately / Posture and Base — maintain strong posture and base to prevent submission setups / Grip Fight — deny the attacker their preferred gripping configuration.
Какие есть варианты Figure-Four Extension?
Распространённые варианты: Standard wrist lock (kote gaeshi) (two-handed rotational lock on the wrist); Gooseneck wrist lock (flexion lock bending the wrist down toward the forearm); Standing wrist lock (applied during grip fighting or a standing exchange); Ground wrist lock (catching the opponent's posted hand from mount, side cont…).
Насколько эффективен Figure-Four Extension на соревнованиях?
Figure-four armlocks are used in competition across all grappling formats.
Какие типичные ошибки при выполнении Figure-Four Extension?
Основные ошибки, на которые стоит обратить внимание: Not threading the arm deeply enough — the figure-four must fully encircle the hand; a shallow grip allows the opponen… / Applying the extension without controlling the forearm — the forearm must be pinned (to your body, to the mat) for th… / Using only arm strength — drive body weight through the figure-four; muscling it is less effective and more tiring / Not recognising the setup — the figure-four wrist lock is available whenever the opponent posts or pushes with a flat….
Какие ещё названия есть у Figure-Four Extension?
Figure-Four Extension также известен как Figyua Fō Nobashi, Figure-4 Wrist Extension, Kote-gaeshi variant.