Longsword Beginners Guide #15 - Defending from a Combination of Attacks
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Standard Epee Counter-Attack·Federico Malagutti HEMA
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Перевод: standard epee counter-attack
Дистанция и классификация
Дистанция
БлижняяСредняяДальняя
Обзор
The Standard Epee Counter-Attack executes the basic stop hit or time-hit by extending the arm into the path of the attacker, aiming to land the point on the attacker's closest target (typically the hand, arm, or shoulder) before or simultaneously with the incoming attack. [1] The technique relies on the 40-millisecond lockout window in epee: if both fencers hit within 40 ms of each other, both touches count (double touch), making the counter-attack a viable defensive-offensive tool even when it does not clearly precede the attack. [1],[2] Execution requires reading the opponent's preparation, committing the arm extension early, and maintaining point accuracy under pressure. [2],[3]
История и происхождение
Страна происхождения· показано в случайном порядке
- ФранцияФехтование (шпага)
- ИталияФехтование (шпага)
Эффективность
The stop hit to the hand or arm is the defining tactical action of epee fencing, exploiting the 40-millisecond lockout window to score on the attacker's closest target during their advance. [1] This counter-attack is the single most important technique distinguishing elite epee fencers from intermediate ones, as it requires reading the attacker's preparation and committing the arm extension with millisecond precision. [2]
Родословная
The standard épée counter-attack developed from French duelling principles where hitting first—regardless of who initiated—was the goal. [1]
Соревновательные результаты
Statistical analysis of elite epee bouts indicates that counter-attacks (stop hits and time hits) account for approximately 30–40% of all touches scored, a higher proportion than in any other fencing weapon. [1]
Изображения
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Биомеханический механизм
Primary Action — Cutting, thrusting, or striking with a bladed weapon — edge alignment and trajectory determine cutting effectiveness
Joints Involved — Wrists (edge alignment and rotation), elbows (extension for thrusts, chambering for cuts), shoulders (arc of the cut), hips (power generation)
Force Vector — Varies — downward diagonal cut (kesa-giri), horizontal cut (yoko-giri), thrust (tsuki), or rising cut (kiri-age)
Weapon Mechanic — Edge alignment (hasuji) is critical — the blade must travel along its cutting plane for effective cuts
Позиция и вход
From en garde position — Establish distance, extend the blade toward the target with a lunge or advance-lunge, recover to guard
As riposte (counter-attack) — Parry the opponent's attack and immediately riposte with a thrust or cut to the exposed target
From distance (preparation) — Use blade work (beats, feints, engagements) to create an opening before the final attack
Варианты
Simple attack — single blade action (disengage, beat, or direct) to score
Compound attack — multiple blade actions (feint then disengage) to create an opening
Riposte — immediate counter after a successful parry
Counter-attack — attacking into the opponent's attack with priority or right-of-way
Видео
Capoferro Rapier 8: Rapier and Dagger
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Standard Epee Counter-Attack·Edinburgh Renaissance Fencing Academy
This time I summarise the basic principles of using an off-hand dagger in combination with the rapier in Capoferro's sys…
Fendente Development Lesson
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Standard Epee Counter-Attack·Northwest Fencing Academy - Medieval Martial Arts
International Armizare Society Basic Curriculum Lesson One: Fundamental Body & Sword Mechanics Students will learn to ex…
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3 videosЧто говорят инструкторы
The three instructors address fundamentally different weapon systems and contexts, making direct synthesis problematic. Federico Malagutti HEMA teaches longsword defense against combination attacks using footwork (half-steps backward) and sequential parries followed by ripostes, emphasizing distance management and edge selection (true vs. false edge). Edinburgh Renaissance Fencing Academy covers rapier-and-dagger system mechanics, where the dagger functions primarily as a defensive tool held in a relaxed, partially-extended ready position near the chest, extended from the shoulder during attacks and parries to cover gaps in defense and support sword actions. Northwest Fencing Academy focuses on the fendente (descending cut) as an offensive technique, detailing biomechanics: shoulder-driven initiation, rotational leverage around the sword's node, hip rotation for power, and specific targeting geometry (teeth to opposite knee). All three instructors emphasize controlled extension rather than locked joints, smooth transitions between positions, and adaptability within their respective systems. Malagutti and Edinburgh stress defensive sequencing; Northwest emphasizes offensive development through repetitive, biomechanically precise drilling. The systems operate at different ranges and with different objectives: Malagutti addresses multi-attack defense, Edinburgh covers integrated weapon pairing, and Northwest teaches foundational cutting mechanics.
Сформировано на основе 3 инструкторов
- Federico Malagutti HEMA — Longsword Beginners Guide #15 - Defending from a Combination of Attacks: Teaches sequential parrying and riposting against combination attacks using backward footwork, half-steps for control, and edge selection (true vs. false edge) for efficient defense followed by forward-moving counterattacks.
- Edinburgh Renaissance Fencing Academy — Capoferro Rapier 8: Rapier and Dagger: Explains dagger as defensive companion weapon held in relaxed ready position, extended from shoulder during offensive and defensive actions to cover gaps, support parries, and provide coverage during ripostes and sword-freeing techniques.
- Northwest Fencing Academy - Medieval Martial Arts — Fendente Development Lesson: Details offensive cutting mechanics with focus on shoulder-driven rotational leverage, extended (not locked) arm positions, hip rotation for power generation, and the specific downward angle of the fendente cut from teeth to opposite knee.
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Оценки
Риск травмы для человека, к которому применяется техника
2
Низкий2/10
Modern sport fencing uses blunted weapons and full protective gear; injury rate ~2.5 per 1000 exposures (Harmer 2008)
Уровень мастерства, необходимый для надёжного выполнения техники
Средний
Разрешена ли техника по основным соревновательным правилам
— FIE — Legal fencing technique — governed by FIE rules for...
FIE Rules of CompetitionPDFHEMA — Legal in historical fencing competition {src— various organizations
Заметки по тренировке
✓Standard epee counter-attack execution: as the opponent begins their attack, extend the arm to place the point on their advancing hand or arm, step back to maintain distance, and let their forward momentum carry them onto the point (Evangelista, The Art and Science of Fencing, 1996)
✓Step 1: from en garde, read the opponent's attack — recognize their preparation (advance, feint, or extension)
✓Step 2: as they commit to the attack, begin the arm extension toward their nearest target (hand or forearm)
✓Step 3: simultaneously step back with the rear foot to maintain distance — the retreat prevents their attack from landing
✓Step 4: the opponent advances into your extended point — their forward movement provides the impact
✓Step 5: the touch must register at least 40ms before their touch to score alone; if simultaneous, it's a double touch
✓Step 6: recover to en garde immediately — the opponent may continue their attack
✓The key principle: extend first, retreat simultaneously, let the opponent come to you
✓Drill: partner attacks with advance-lunge, you counter-attack to the hand while retreating — 10 reps each side
Типичные ошибки
!Not retreating during the counter-attack — the retreat is essential to prevent the opponent's touch from arriving
!Extending the arm too late — the counter-attack must begin as the opponent commits, not after
!Targeting the body instead of the hand — the hand is closer and allows the counter to arrive earlier
!Not reading the opponent's attack correctly — countering feints wastes the counter-attack and creates openings
!Holding the counter-attack position too long — extend, touch, and recover quickly
!Not practising with the electronic scoring — the 40ms timing window must be felt with the apparatus
!Counter-attacking with a large step back — the retreat should be measured; too much retreat loses the counter-attack distance
Связанные техники
Контрприёмы
Цепочка подготовки
1En Garde — assume the fencing ready position with proper blade presentation
2Advance/Lunge Preparation — close distance with footwork
3Attack — execute the touch with right-of-way (if applicable) and proper point/edge
4Recovery — return to en garde after the action
Источники и ссылки
Основной источник
The Art of Fencing (Luigi Barbasetti, 1932)
1КнигаThe Art of Fencing (Barbasetti, 1932)
Alias sources — [1] FIE Rules of Competition [2] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014) [3] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014)
2КнигаOn Fencing (Nadi, 1943)
Effectiveness sources — [1] Czajkowski, Z., Understanding Fencing (SKA Swordplay Books, 2005) [2] Roi, G.S. & Bianchedi, D., 'The Science of Fencing', Sports Medicine 38.6 (2008)
3ДругоеJapanese Martial Arts Hybrid Terminology
Mixed Japanese-Western terminology — combines traditional Japanese terms with katakana loanwords
4ЦитатаThe Art of Fencing (Barbasetti, 1932)
Alias sources — [1] FIE Rules of Competition [2] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014) [3] Classical Fencing (Rogers, 2014)
5ЦитатаOn Fencing (Nadi, 1943)
Effectiveness sources — [1] Czajkowski, Z., Understanding Fencing (SKA Swordplay Books, 2005) [2] Roi, G.S. & Bianchedi, D., 'The Science of Fencing', Sports Medicine 38.6 (2008)
Сообщество
Атлетизм
Requires
explosive lunge speed, finger/wrist dexterity, cardiovascular endurance
Favours
long reach (tall, long arms), fast-twitch legs
Key muscles
quadriceps (lunge), calves, forearm/finger flexors, core
Часто задаваемые вопросы
When practicing a parry and riposte with rapier and dagger, how should I hold the dagger?
According to Edinburgh Renaissance Fencing Academy, the dagger should be held in a relatively relaxed, partially extended position just a little bit out from the chest—a ready position rather than a committed one. This allows you to quickly extend it to parry counter-time attacks or plug defensive gaps as needed.
Can I use my dagger to defend against a counter-time attack during my sword technique?
Yes. Edinburgh Renaissance Fencing Academy explains that if your opponent attempts a counter-time attack while you're executing a technique like the kabbatsyone, you can parry it with the dagger and then riposte with the sword, or move the dagger forward slightly to plug the gap in your defense.
Как работает Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
The Standard Epee Counter-Attack executes the basic stop hit or time-hit by extending the arm into the path of the attacker, aiming to land the point on the attacker's closest target (typically the hand, arm, or shoulder) before or simultaneously with the incoming attack. The technique relies on the 40-millisecond lockout window in epee: if both fencers hit within 40 ms of each other, both touches count (double touch), making the counter-attack a viable defensive-offensive tool even when it does not clearly precede the attack.
Откуда происходит Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
The standard epee counter-attack is the modern expression of the classical stop thrust, refined through decades of competitive epee and the precision afforded by electronic scoring timing. It remains the most frequently used defensive action in high-level epee competition.
Разрешён ли Standard Epee Counter-Attack на соревнованиях?
FIE: разрешён — Legal fencing technique — governed by FIE rules for foil, épée, and sabre; HEMA: разрешён — Legal in historical fencing competition
Насколько опасен Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
Оценка опасности 2/10. Low — modern sport fencing uses blunted weapons and full protective gear; injury rate ~2.5 per 1000 exposures (Harmer 2008)
Как подготовить Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
Стандартная цепочка подготовки: En Garde → Advance/Lunge Preparation → Attack → Recovery.
Как защититься от Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
Стандартные контрприёмы: Parry (Absetzen) — deflect the incoming blade with a counter-displacement / Void (Step Back) — withdraw from measure to avoid the cutting arc / Counter-Cut (Nachreisen) — strike into the opponent's opening during their attack.
Какие есть варианты Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
Распространённые варианты: Simple attack (single blade action (disengage, beat, or direct) to score); Compound attack (multiple blade actions (feint then disengage) to create a…); Riposte (immediate counter after a successful parry); Counter-attack (attacking into the opponent's attack with priority or rig…).
Насколько эффективен Standard Epee Counter-Attack на соревнованиях?
Statistical analysis of elite epee bouts indicates that counter-attacks (stop hits and time hits) account for approximately 30–40% of all touches scored, a higher proportion than in any other fencing weapon.
Какие типичные ошибки при выполнении Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
Основные ошибки, на которые стоит обратить внимание: Not retreating during the counter-attack — the retreat is essential to prevent the opponent's touch from arriving / Extending the arm too late — the counter-attack must begin as the opponent commits, not after / Targeting the body instead of the hand — the hand is closer and allows the counter to arrive earlier / Not reading the opponent's attack correctly — countering feints wastes the counter-attack and creates openings.
Какие ещё названия есть у Standard Epee Counter-Attack?
Standard Epee Counter-Attack также известен как Sutandādo Epe Hangeki, Stop Hit, Arret Simple, Time Hit.